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Review
. 2021 Apr 28;10(9):1919.
doi: 10.3390/jcm10091919.

Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Secondary to Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: A New Therapeutic Targeting of Haematological Malignancies

Alejandro Olivares-Hernández  1   2 , Luis Figuero-Pérez  1   2 , Eduardo Terán-Brage  1   2 , Álvaro López-Gutiérrez  1   2 , Álvaro Tamayo Velasco  3 , Rogelio González Sarmiento  2   4 , Juan Jesús Cruz-Hernández  1   2   4 , José Pablo Miramontes-González  5   6
Affiliations
Review

Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Secondary to Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: A New Therapeutic Targeting of Haematological Malignancies

Alejandro Olivares-Hernández et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a set of immature myeloid lineage cells that include macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cell precursors. This subpopulation has been described in relation to the tumour processes at different levels, including resistance to immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Currently, multiple studies at the preclinical and clinical levels seek to use this cell population for the treatment of different haematological neoplasms, together with ICIs. This review addresses the different points in ongoing studies of MDSCs and ICIs in haematological malignancies and their future significance in routine clinical practice.

Keywords: haematological malignancies; immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); immune resistance; myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanisms of immune suppression of MDSCs on T cells and tumour cells. This figure illustrates the origin of the MDSC populations. After the change in the phenotype of myeloid cells, they present different interactions with Treg cells and tumour cells that lead to dysregulation of the immune system. Alterations of the immune system lead to an increase in immunosuppression, with a consequent increase in cell proliferation and immune resistance mechanisms.
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