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Review
. 2021 Apr 6:12:637141.
doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.637141. eCollection 2021.

Understanding Omics Driven Plant Improvement and de novo Crop Domestication: Some Examples

Rakesh Kumar  1 , Vinay Sharma  2 , Srinivas Suresh  1 , Devade Pandurang Ramrao  1 , Akash Veershetty  1 , Sharan Kumar  1 , Kagolla Priscilla  1 , BhagyaShree Hangargi  1 , Rahul Narasanna  1 , Manish Kumar Pandey  2 , Gajanana Ramachandra Naik  1 , Sherinmol Thomas  3 , Anirudh Kumar  4
Affiliations
Review

Understanding Omics Driven Plant Improvement and de novo Crop Domestication: Some Examples

Rakesh Kumar et al. Front Genet. .

Abstract

In the current era, one of biggest challenges is to shorten the breeding cycle for rapid generation of a new crop variety having high yield capacity, disease resistance, high nutrient content, etc. Advances in the "-omics" technology have revolutionized the discovery of genes and bio-molecules with remarkable precision, resulting in significant development of plant-focused metabolic databases and resources. Metabolomics has been widely used in several model plants and crop species to examine metabolic drift and changes in metabolic composition during various developmental stages and in response to stimuli. Over the last few decades, these efforts have resulted in a significantly improved understanding of the metabolic pathways of plants through identification of several unknown intermediates. This has assisted in developing several new metabolically engineered important crops with desirable agronomic traits, and has facilitated the de novo domestication of new crops for sustainable agriculture and food security. In this review, we discuss how "omics" technologies, particularly metabolomics, has enhanced our understanding of important traits and allowed speedy domestication of novel crop plants.

Keywords: crop improvement; de novo domestication; domesticated-genes; metabolomics; omics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Representation of domestication process and the loss of useful genetic variation due to selective breeding and selection of few alleles.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Schematic diagram representing the role of OMICS based research in gene characterization and development of designer crops using de novo domesticated crops approach.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
A schematic representation of a draft model for the selection of target genes for CRISPR/Cas9 mediated domestication of wild ancestral species of monocot.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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