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Review
. 2021 Mar 13;6(10):3269-3287.
doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.02.037. eCollection 2021 Oct.

Bioactive nanotherapeutic trends to combat triple negative breast cancer

Pallabita Chowdhury  1 , Upasana Ghosh  2 , Kamalika Samanta  1 , Meena Jaggi  1   3   4 , Subhash C Chauhan  1   3   4 , Murali M Yallapu  1   3   4
Affiliations
Review

Bioactive nanotherapeutic trends to combat triple negative breast cancer

Pallabita Chowdhury et al. Bioact Mater. .

Abstract

The management of aggressive breast cancer, particularly, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a formidable challenge, despite treatment advancement. Although newer therapies such as atezolizumab, olaparib, and sacituzumab can tackle the breast cancer prognosis and/or progression, but achieved limited survival benefit(s). The current research efforts are aimed to develop and implement strategies for improved bioavailability, targetability, reduce systemic toxicity, and enhance therapeutic outcome of FDA-approved treatment regimen. This review presents various nanoparticle technology mediated delivery of chemotherapeutic agent(s) for breast cancer treatment. This article also documents novel strategies to employ cellular and cell membrane cloaked (biomimetic) nanoparticles for effective clinical translation. These technologies offer a safe and active targeting nanomedicine for effective management of breast cancer, especially TNBC.

Keywords: Biomimetic nanoparticles; Breast cancer treatment; Chemotherapy; Membrane cloaked nanoparticles; Nanomedicine; Nanoparticles; Triple negative breast cancer.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors declare no potential conflict of interests.The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Image 1
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Schematic illustration of various treatment strategies for TNBC. Conventional strategies with chemotherapeutic agents (doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and cisplatin), targeted strategies includes specific pathway inhibitors, immunotherapies, and nanotechnology (drug loaded nanoparticles or antibody drug conjugates).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Graphic representation of structurally varied nanoformulations, polymer nanoparticles, polymer micelles, liposomes, dendrimers, polymer conjugates, albumin nanoparticles, and carbon nanotubes used in cancer therapeutics including TNBC. These nanostructures are able to accommodate small/biomacromolecular therapeutics, contrast/imaging, and other agents that imparts therapeutic and/or theranostic properties.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Schematic representation of possible delivery options of therapeutic agents via whole cell recruitment at the tumor sites. Improved interaction, circulation, penetration, and recruitment of cells/cellular vehicles in tumors.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Schematic illustration of the preparation of cell membranes and cellular membrane-cloaked nanoparticles. Step 1 requires selection of appropriate cell type and extraction method (sonication, freeze thaw, hypotonic lysis, extrusion, or dounce homogenization). Step 2 needs removal of inherent cellular components. After Step 2 it is often required to incorporate the nanoparticle into the cellular membrane immediately, to prevent the cellular membrane lacking the intercellular components from collapsing.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Schematic representation of bioengineering of the cell membrane cloaked drug loaded nanoparticles. Various methods (co-extrusion, microfluidic electroporation, cell membrane template polymerization) are present to coat or decorate cellular membranes on nanoparticles (not shown in this schematic). Depending on the nature and type of cell membrane carrier that is used the choice of drug could be made, ranging from both hydrophilic or hydrophobic drug molecules (eg: liposomes).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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