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Review
. 2021 Jan 30;18(3):1243.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031243.

Sirt1 Activity in the Brain: Simultaneous Effects on Energy Homeostasis and Reproduction

Stefania D'Angelo  1 , Elena Mele  1 , Federico Di Filippo  2 , Andrea Viggiano  2 , Rosaria Meccariello  1
Affiliations
Review

Sirt1 Activity in the Brain: Simultaneous Effects on Energy Homeostasis and Reproduction

Stefania D'Angelo et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Diet deeply impacts brain functions like synaptic plasticity and cognitive processes, neuroendocrine functions, reproduction and behaviour, with detrimental or protective effects on neuronal physiology and therefore consequences for health. In this respect, the activity of metabolic sensors within the brain is critical for the maintenance of health status and represents a possible therapeutic target for some diseases. This review summarizes the main activity of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), a metabolic sensor within the brain with a focus on the link between the central control of energy homeostasis and reproduction. The possible modulation of Sirt1 by natural phytochemical compounds like polyphenols is also discussed.

Keywords: Sirt1; brain; energy homeostasis; kisspeptin; polyphenols; reproduction.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of the main activities of Sirt1 in biological tissues.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Key role of Sirt1 in neurogenesis and astrogliosis under different circumstances. (A) Repression of Hes5 genes by Bcl6 promotes neurogenesis in NSCs. Bcl6 recruits SIRT1 to inhibit Hes5 promoter and its transcription, resulting in activation of neurogenetic pathways. (B) Oxidative stress upregulates Sirt1, promoting its pairing with BCL6: thus, the complex inhibits neurogenetic factor Mash1—through the Hes1 pathway—inducing astrogliosis.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sirt1 modulation of synaptic plasticity. Sirt1 downregulates the expression of miR-134, promoting the activation of the CREB-BDNF axis. BDNF transcription could also be intensified through MeCP2 deacetylation by Sirt1.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Some polyphenols involved in Sirt1 activity.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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