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Review
. 2021 Jan 15;13(1):241.
doi: 10.3390/nu13010241.

Effects of High Glucose and Lipotoxicity on Diabetic Podocytes

Ran Nakamichi  1 , Kaori Hayashi  1 , Hiroshi Itoh  1
Affiliations
Review

Effects of High Glucose and Lipotoxicity on Diabetic Podocytes

Ran Nakamichi et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Glomerular podocytes are highly differentiated cells that cover glomerular capillaries from the outside and have a characteristic morphology with numerous foot processes. The formation of slit membranes between the foot processes serves as a final filtration barrier for urine filtration from the blood. Podocyte damage causes disruption of the slit membrane, subsequent proteinuria and finally glomerulosclerosis, which is a common pathway in various types of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In recent years, there has been an increase in diabetes, due to rapid lifestyle changes, which is the main cause of CKD. Therefore, understanding the effect of diabetic status on podocytes is of great importance to establish a strategy for preventing CKD progression. In this review, we summarize altered glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic podocytes and also discuss the reversibility of the changes in podocyte phenotype.

Keywords: diabetic nephropathy; high glucose; lipotoxicity; podocyte.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
High glucose and induced lipotoxicity causes stress reactions in podocytes, which can cause phenotypical changes, detachment and apoptosis, leading to disruption of slit membrane and proteinuria. ROS: reactive oxygen species, ER: endoplasmic reticulum.
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