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Review
. 2020 Oct 22;10(11):151.
doi: 10.3390/bios10110151.

Progress of Advanced Nanomaterials in the Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Glucose and H2O2

Dayakar Thatikayala  1 , Deepalekshmi Ponnamma  2 , Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni  2 , John-John Cabibihan  3 , Abdulaziz Khalid Al-Ali  4 , Rayaz A Malik  5 , Booki Min  1
Affiliations
Review

Progress of Advanced Nanomaterials in the Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Glucose and H2O2

Dayakar Thatikayala et al. Biosensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Non-enzymatic sensing has been in the research limelight, and most sensors based on nanomaterials are designed to detect single analytes. The simultaneous detection of analytes that together exist in biological organisms necessitates the development of effective and efficient non-enzymatic electrodes in sensing. In this regard, the development of sensing elements for detecting glucose and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is significant. Non-enzymatic sensing is more economical and has a longer lifetime than enzymatic electrochemical sensing, but it has several drawbacks, such as high working potential, slow electrode kinetics, poisoning from intermediate species and weak sensing parameters. We comprehensively review the recent developments in non-enzymatic glucose and H2O2 (NEGH) sensing by focusing mainly on the sensing performance, electro catalytic mechanism, morphology and design of electrode materials. Various types of nanomaterials with metal/metal oxides and hybrid metallic nanocomposites are discussed. A comparison of glucose and H2O2 sensing parameters using the same electrode materials is outlined to predict the efficient sensing performance of advanced nanomaterials. Recent innovative approaches to improve the NEGH sensitivity, selectivity and stability in real-time applications are critically discussed, which have not been sufficiently addressed in the previous reviews. Finally, the challenges, future trends, and prospects associated with advanced nanomaterials for NEGH sensing are considered. We believe this article will help to understand the selection of advanced materials for dual/multi non-enzymatic sensing issues and will also be beneficial for researchers to make breakthrough progress in the area of non-enzymatic sensing of dual/multi biomolecules.

Keywords: advanced nanomaterials; bi-functional properties; dual in-line sensing; electrochemical sensing; glucose and H2O2; non-enzymatic.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic illustration of advanced nanomaterials for non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose and H2O2 sensing: (a) AuNBP/MWCNT/GCE nanocomposites [35]; (b) Ni3N/GA samples [36]; (c) 3D N-Co-CNT@NG [37]; (d) Cu2O PLNWs/Cu foam [38]; (e) core shell NixCo3-xN/NG [39]; (f) Ni (OH)2/RGO/Cu2O@Cu electrode [40].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Co3N NW/TM: (a) XRD pattern; (b and c) SEM images of Co (Co(OH)2/TM; (d) ampherometric i-t response of Co3N NW/TM at 0.55 V (vs Hg/HgO with successive addition of glucose with varying concentration from 20 μM to 5.5 mM); (e) corresponding calibration curve of Co3N NW/TM for the detection of glucose; (f) interference studies in the presence of glucose; (g) ampherometric i-t response of Co3N NW/TM at 0.55 V (vs Hg/HgO with successive addition of H2O2 with varying concentration from 20 μM to 5.5 mM); (h) corresponding calibration curve of Co3N NW/TM for detection H2O2; (i) interference studies in the presence of H2O2 [56].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic representation of CuO NRs: (a) glucose oxidation; (b) H2O2 reduction; (c) interference study during glucose sensing after the addition of 0.1 mM of DA, UA, AA, UR and SU and 0.5 mM of H2O2 along with 0.5 mM glucose; (d) interference during H2O2 sensing during the addition of 0.1 mM DA, UA, AA, UR, SU and 0.5 mM of glucose along with 0.5 mM H2O2 [66].
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Schematic diagram for preparation of Pd-CoCNT; (b) HRTEM images of Pd-CoCNT [85].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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