The oncogenic potential of NANOG: An important cancer induction mediator

doi:10.1002/jcp.30063

Review

. 2021 Apr;236(4):2443-2458.

doi: 10.1002/jcp.30063. Epub 2020 Sep 22.

The oncogenic potential of NANOG: An important cancer induction mediator

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
² Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
³ Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
⁴ Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

PMID: 32960465
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30063

Review

The oncogenic potential of NANOG: An important cancer induction mediator

Basira Najafzadeh et al. J Cell Physiol. 2021 Apr.

. 2021 Apr;236(4):2443-2458.

doi: 10.1002/jcp.30063. Epub 2020 Sep 22.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
² Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
³ Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
⁴ Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

PMID: 32960465
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30063

Abstract

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a unique population in the tumor, but they only comprise 2%-5% of the tumor bulk. Although CSCs share several features with embryonic stem cells, CSCs can give rise to the tumor cells. CSCs overexpress embryonic transcription factor NANOG, which is downregulated in differentiated tissues. This transcription factor confers CSC's stemness, unlimited self-renewal, metastasis, invasiveness, angiogenesis, and drug-resistance with the assistance of WNT, OCT4, SOX2, Hedgehog, BMI-1, and other complexes. NANOG facilitates CSCs development via multiple pathways, like angiogenesis and lessening E-cadherin expression levels, which paves the road for metastasis. Moreover, NANOG represses apoptosis and leads to drug-resistance. This review aims to highlight the pivotal role of NANOG and the pertained pathways in CSCs. Also, this current study intends to demonstrate that targeting NANOG can dimmish the CSCs, sensitize the tumor to chemotherapy, and eradicate the cancer cells.

Keywords: NANOG; cancer; cancer stem cells; signaling pathways.

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References

REFERENCES

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1. Aliyari-Serej, Z., Ebrahimi, A., Kazemi, T., Najafi, S., Roshani, E., Ebrahimi-Kalan, M., & Baradaran, B. (2020). Relation between Immune cell response and stemness genes expression in breast cancer; A new approach in NANOG gene and Let7-a expression in breast cancer cell lines. Immunopathologia Persa, 6(2), e21.
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[1] Aghajani, M., Mokhtarzadeh, A., Aghebati-Maleki, L., Mansoori, B., Mohammadi, A., Safaei, S., Asadzadeh, Z., Hajiasgharzadeh, K., Khaze Shahgoli, V., & Baradaran, B. (2020). CD133 suppression increases the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to paclitaxel. Molecular Biology Reports, 47, 3691-3703.

[2] Aghajani, M., Mokhtarzadeh, A., Aghebati-Maleki, L., Mansoori, B., Mohammadi, A., Safaei, S., Asadzadeh, Z., Hajiasgharzadeh, K., Khaze Shahgoli, V., & Baradaran, B. (2020). CD133 suppression increases the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to paclitaxel. Molecular Biology Reports, 47, 3691-3703.

[3] Al-Hajj, M., Wicha, M. S., Benito-Hernandez, A., Morrison, S. J., & Clarke, M. F. (2003). Prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(7), 3983-3988.

[4] Al-Hajj, M., Wicha, M. S., Benito-Hernandez, A., Morrison, S. J., & Clarke, M. F. (2003). Prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(7), 3983-3988.

[5] Aliyari-Serej, Z., Ebrahimi, A., Kazemi, T., Najafi, S., Roshani, E., Ebrahimi-Kalan, M., & Baradaran, B. (2020). Relation between Immune cell response and stemness genes expression in breast cancer; A new approach in NANOG gene and Let7-a expression in breast cancer cell lines. Immunopathologia Persa, 6(2), e21.

[6] Aliyari-Serej, Z., Ebrahimi, A., Kazemi, T., Najafi, S., Roshani, E., Ebrahimi-Kalan, M., & Baradaran, B. (2020). Relation between Immune cell response and stemness genes expression in breast cancer; A new approach in NANOG gene and Let7-a expression in breast cancer cell lines. Immunopathologia Persa, 6(2), e21.

[7] Almendro, V., Marusyk, A., & Polyak, K. (2013). Cellular heterogeneity and molecular evolution in cancer. Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, 8, 277-302.

[8] Almendro, V., Marusyk, A., & Polyak, K. (2013). Cellular heterogeneity and molecular evolution in cancer. Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, 8, 277-302.

[9] Andrae, J., Gallini, R., & Betsholtz, C. (2008). Role of platelet-derived growth factors in physiology and medicine. Genes & Development, 22(10), 1276-1312.

[10] Andrae, J., Gallini, R., & Betsholtz, C. (2008). Role of platelet-derived growth factors in physiology and medicine. Genes & Development, 22(10), 1276-1312.

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The oncogenic potential of NANOG: An important cancer induction mediator

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The oncogenic potential of NANOG: An important cancer induction mediator

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