Potential Roles of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 2 on Neuroinflammation and Its Possible Interventions

doi:10.1007/s12035-020-02066-2

Review

. 2020 Nov;57(11):4825-4844.

doi: 10.1007/s12035-020-02066-2. Epub 2020 Aug 15.

Potential Roles of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 2 on Neuroinflammation and Its Possible Interventions

Thura Tun Oo^{1

2

3}, Wasana Pratchayasakul^{1

2

3}, Nipon Chattipakorn^{1

2

3}, Siriporn C Chattipakorn^{4

5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
² Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
³ Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
⁴ Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. scchattipakorn@gmail.com.
⁵ Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. scchattipakorn@gmail.com.
⁶ Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. scchattipakorn@gmail.com.

PMID: 32803490
DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02066-2

Review

Potential Roles of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 2 on Neuroinflammation and Its Possible Interventions

Thura Tun Oo et al. Mol Neurobiol. 2020 Nov.

. 2020 Nov;57(11):4825-4844.

doi: 10.1007/s12035-020-02066-2. Epub 2020 Aug 15.

Authors

Thura Tun Oo^{1

2

3}, Wasana Pratchayasakul^{1

2

3}, Nipon Chattipakorn^{1

2

3}, Siriporn C Chattipakorn^{4

5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
² Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
³ Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
⁴ Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. scchattipakorn@gmail.com.
⁵ Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. scchattipakorn@gmail.com.
⁶ Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. scchattipakorn@gmail.com.

PMID: 32803490
DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02066-2

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is the primary response by immune cells in the nervous system to protect against infection. Chronic and uncontrolled neuroinflammation triggers neuronal injury and neuronal death resulting in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, fine tuning of the immune response in the nervous system is now extensively considered as a potential therapeutic intervention for those diseases. The immune cells of the nervous system express Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) together with myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) to protect against the pathogens. Over the last 10 years, antagonists targeting the functional domains of MD-2 have become attractive pharmacological intervention strategies in pre-clinical studies into neuroinflammation and its associated brain pathologies. This review aims to summarize and discuss the roles of TLR4-MD-2 signaling pathway activation in various models of neuroinflammation. This review article also highlights the studies reporting the effect of MD-2 antagonists on neuroinflammation in in vitro and in vivo studies.

Keywords: Brain function; Lipopolysaccharide; Myeloid differentiation factor 2; Neuroinflammation; Toll-like receptor 4.

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Potential Roles of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 2 on Neuroinflammation and Its Possible Interventions

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Potential Roles of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 2 on Neuroinflammation and Its Possible Interventions

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