Kawasaki Disease as the Immune-Mediated Echo of a Viral Infection

doi:10.4084/MJHID.2020.039

Review

. 2020 Jul 1;12(1):e2020039.

doi: 10.4084/MJHID.2020.039. eCollection 2020.

Kawasaki Disease as the Immune-Mediated Echo of a Viral Infection

Donato Rigante^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
² Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

PMID: 32670517
PMCID: PMC7340244
DOI: 10.4084/MJHID.2020.039

Review

Kawasaki Disease as the Immune-Mediated Echo of a Viral Infection

Donato Rigante. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2020.

. 2020 Jul 1;12(1):e2020039.

doi: 10.4084/MJHID.2020.039. eCollection 2020.

Author

Donato Rigante^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
² Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

PMID: 32670517
PMCID: PMC7340244
DOI: 10.4084/MJHID.2020.039

Abstract

Although the etiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) remains elusive, the available evidence indicates that the primum movens may be a dysregulated immune response to various microbial agents, leading to cytokine cascade and endothelial cell activation in patients with KD. Documented infections by different viruses in many individual cases have been largely reported and are discussed herein, but attempts to demonstrate their causative role in the distinctive KD scenario and KD epidemiological features have been disappointing. To date, no definite link has been irrefutably found between a single infection and KD.

Keywords: COVID-19; Child; Kawasaki disease; Personalized medicine; Viral infection.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: The authors declare no conflict of Interest.

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References

1. Kawasaki T. Acute febrile mucocutaneous syndrome with lymphoid involvement with specific desquamation of the fingers and toes in children. Arerugi. 1967;16:178–222. - PubMed
1. Kawasaki T, Kosaki F, Okawa S, et al. A new infantile acute febrile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MLNS) prevailing in Japan. Pediatrics. 1974;54:271–6. - PubMed
1. Newburger JW, Takahashi M, Gerber MA, et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: a statement for health professionals from the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, American Heart Association. Pediatrics. 2004;114:1708–33. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-2182. - DOI - PubMed
1. Falcini F, Capannini S, Rigante D. Kawasaki syndrome: an intriguing disease with numerous unsolved dilemmas. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2011;9:17. doi: 10.1186/1546-0096-9-17. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Amano S, Hazama F, Kubagawa H, et al. General pathology of Kawasaki disease on the morphological alterations corresponding to the clinical manifestations. Acta Pathol Jpn. 1980;30:681–94. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb00966.x. - DOI - PubMed

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[1] Kawasaki T. Acute febrile mucocutaneous syndrome with lymphoid involvement with specific desquamation of the fingers and toes in children. Arerugi. 1967;16:178–222. - PubMed

[2] Kawasaki T. Acute febrile mucocutaneous syndrome with lymphoid involvement with specific desquamation of the fingers and toes in children. Arerugi. 1967;16:178–222. - PubMed

[3] Kawasaki T, Kosaki F, Okawa S, et al. A new infantile acute febrile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MLNS) prevailing in Japan. Pediatrics. 1974;54:271–6. - PubMed

[4] Kawasaki T, Kosaki F, Okawa S, et al. A new infantile acute febrile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MLNS) prevailing in Japan. Pediatrics. 1974;54:271–6. - PubMed

[5] Newburger JW, Takahashi M, Gerber MA, et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: a statement for health professionals from the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, American Heart Association. Pediatrics. 2004;114:1708–33. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-2182. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Newburger JW, Takahashi M, Gerber MA, et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: a statement for health professionals from the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, American Heart Association. Pediatrics. 2004;114:1708–33. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-2182. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Falcini F, Capannini S, Rigante D. Kawasaki syndrome: an intriguing disease with numerous unsolved dilemmas. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2011;9:17. doi: 10.1186/1546-0096-9-17. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Falcini F, Capannini S, Rigante D. Kawasaki syndrome: an intriguing disease with numerous unsolved dilemmas. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2011;9:17. doi: 10.1186/1546-0096-9-17. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] Amano S, Hazama F, Kubagawa H, et al. General pathology of Kawasaki disease on the morphological alterations corresponding to the clinical manifestations. Acta Pathol Jpn. 1980;30:681–94. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb00966.x. - DOI - PubMed

[10] Amano S, Hazama F, Kubagawa H, et al. General pathology of Kawasaki disease on the morphological alterations corresponding to the clinical manifestations. Acta Pathol Jpn. 1980;30:681–94. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1980.tb00966.x. - DOI - PubMed

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Kawasaki Disease as the Immune-Mediated Echo of a Viral Infection

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Kawasaki Disease as the Immune-Mediated Echo of a Viral Infection

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Abstract

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