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Review
. 2020 Aug 1;12(8):580-592.
doi: 10.1093/jmcb/mjaa031.

Modeling endodermal organ development and diseases using human pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids

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Review

Modeling endodermal organ development and diseases using human pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids

Fong Cheng Pan et al. J Mol Cell Biol. .

Abstract

Recent advances in development of protocols for directed differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to defined lineages, in combination with 3D organoid technology, have facilitated the generation of various endoderm-derived organoids for in vitro modeling of human gastrointestinal development and associated diseases. In this review, we discuss current state-of-the-art strategies for generating hPSC-derived endodermal organoids including stomach, liver, pancreatic, small intestine, and colonic organoids. We also review the advantages of using this system to model various human diseases and evaluate the shortcomings of this technology. Finally, we emphasize how other technologies, such as genome editing and bioengineering, can be incorporated into the 3D hPSC-organoid models to generate even more robust and powerful platforms for understanding human organ development and disease modeling.

Keywords: disease modeling; endoderm; gastrointestinal development; human pluripotent stem cells.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic showing hPSC differentiation protocols toward distinct endodermal lineages, including gastric, hepatocyte, cholangiocyte, pancreatic, small intestine, and colonic organoids.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic summarizing hPSC-derived endodermal organoids used for modeling human gastrointestinal development and disease.

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