Molecular and Serological Tests for COVID-19 a Comparative Review of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Laboratory and Point-of-Care Diagnostics

doi:10.3390/diagnostics10060434

Review

. 2020 Jun 26;10(6):434.

doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10060434.

Molecular and Serological Tests for COVID-19 a Comparative Review of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Laboratory and Point-of-Care Diagnostics

Robert Kubina¹, Arkadiusz Dziedzic²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
² Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.

PMID: 32604919
PMCID: PMC7345211
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10060434

Review

Molecular and Serological Tests for COVID-19 a Comparative Review of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Laboratory and Point-of-Care Diagnostics

Robert Kubina et al. Diagnostics (Basel). 2020.

. 2020 Jun 26;10(6):434.

doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10060434.

Authors

Robert Kubina¹, Arkadiusz Dziedzic²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
² Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.

PMID: 32604919
PMCID: PMC7345211
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10060434

Abstract

Validated and accurate laboratory testing for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a crucial part of the timely management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease, supporting the clinical decision-making process for infection control at the healthcare level and detecting asymptomatic cases. This would facilitate an appropriate treatment, a prompt isolation and consequently deceleration of the pandemic. Various laboratory tests can identify the genetic material of SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 in specimens, or specific anti-viral antibodies in blood/serum. Due to the current pandemic situation, a development of point-of-care diagnostics (POCD) allows us to substantially accelerate taking clinical decisions and implement strategic planning at the national level of preventative measures. This review summarizes and compares the available POCD and those currently under development, including quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR), serology immunoassays (SIAs) and protein microarray method (PMM) designed for standard and rapid COVID-19 diagnosis.

Keywords: COVID-19; RT-qPCR; SARS-CoV-2; in vitro diagnostic tests; serology immunoassays.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Real Time PCR COVID-19 genetic tests detecting ORF1ab, spike (S), envelope (E), or nucleocapsid (N) gene sequences of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (own interpretation, based on [8]).

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

Cross-sectional cycle threshold values reflect epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 in Madagascar.
Andriamandimby SF, Brook CE, Razanajatovo N, Randriambolamanantsoa TH, Rakotondramanga JM, Rasambainarivo F, Raharimanga V, Razanajatovo IM, Mangahasimbola R, Razafindratsimandresy R, Randrianarisoa S, Bernardson B, Rabarison JH, Randrianarisoa M, Nasolo FS, Rabetombosoa RM, Ratsimbazafy AM, Raharinosy V, Rabemananjara AH, Ranaivoson CH, Razafimanjato H, Randremanana R, Héraud JM, Dussart P. Andriamandimby SF, et al. Epidemics. 2022 Mar;38:100533. doi: 10.1016/j.epidem.2021.100533. Epub 2021 Nov 29. Epidemics. 2022. PMID: 34896895 Free PMC article.
Global Challenges to Public Health Care Systems during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of Pandemic Measures and Problems.
Filip R, Gheorghita Puscaselu R, Anchidin-Norocel L, Dimian M, Savage WK. Filip R, et al. J Pers Med. 2022 Aug 7;12(8):1295. doi: 10.3390/jpm12081295. J Pers Med. 2022. PMID: 36013244 Free PMC article. Review.
Association of ABO blood types and clinical variables with COVID-19 infection severity in Libya.
Abdulla SA, Elawamy HA, Mohamed NA, Abduallah EH, Amshahar HA, Abuzaeid NK, Eisa MA, Osman MEM, Konozy EHE. Abdulla SA, et al. SAGE Open Med. 2023 Jul 21;11:20503121231187736. doi: 10.1177/20503121231187736. eCollection 2023. SAGE Open Med. 2023. PMID: 37489137 Free PMC article.
Optimizing testing regimes for the detection of COVID-19 in children and older adults.
Chauhan N, Soni S, Jain U. Chauhan N, et al. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2021 Oct;21(10):999-1016. doi: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1962708. Epub 2021 Aug 17. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2021. PMID: 34324823 Free PMC article. Review.
AuNP Coupled Rapid Flow-Through Dot-Blot Immuno-Assay for Enhanced Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Specific Nucleocapsid and Receptor Binding Domain IgG.
Sil BK, Jamiruddin MR, Haq MA, Khondoker MU, Jahan N, Khandker SS, Ali T, Oishee MJ, Kaitsuka T, Mie M, Tomizawa K, Kobatake E, Haque M, Adnan N. Sil BK, et al. Int J Nanomedicine. 2021 Jul 9;16:4739-4753. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S313140. eCollection 2021. Int J Nanomedicine. 2021. PMID: 34267520 Free PMC article.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. Lau S.K.P., Woo P.C.Y., Yip C.C.Y., Tse H., Tsoi H., Cheng V.C.C., Lee P., Tang B.S.F., Cheung C.H.Y., Lee R.A., et al. Coronavirus HKU1 and Other Coronavirus Infections in Hong Kong. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2006;44:2063–2071. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02614-05. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Singhal T. A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Indian J. Pediatr. 2020;87:281–286. doi: 10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) [(accessed on 13 June 2020)]; Available online: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html.
1. World Health Organization Advice on the Use of Point-Of-Care Immunodiagnostic Tests for COVID-19. [(accessed on 13 June 2020)]; Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/advice-on-the-use-of-p....
1. Corman V., Bleicker T., Brünink S., Drosten C., Landt O., Koopmans M., Zambon M. Diagnostic Detection of 2019-nCoV by Real-Time RT-PCR. [(accessed on 23 June 2020)]; Protocol and Preliminary Evaluationas of 17 January 2020. Available online: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/protocol-v2-1.pdf?s...

Publication types

Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
- The Lens - Patent Citations Database
Miscellaneous
- NCI CPTAC Assay Portal

[1] Lau S.K.P., Woo P.C.Y., Yip C.C.Y., Tse H., Tsoi H., Cheng V.C.C., Lee P., Tang B.S.F., Cheung C.H.Y., Lee R.A., et al. Coronavirus HKU1 and Other Coronavirus Infections in Hong Kong. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2006;44:2063–2071. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02614-05. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Lau S.K.P., Woo P.C.Y., Yip C.C.Y., Tse H., Tsoi H., Cheng V.C.C., Lee P., Tang B.S.F., Cheung C.H.Y., Lee R.A., et al. Coronavirus HKU1 and Other Coronavirus Infections in Hong Kong. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2006;44:2063–2071. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02614-05. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Singhal T. A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Indian J. Pediatr. 2020;87:281–286. doi: 10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Singhal T. A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Indian J. Pediatr. 2020;87:281–286. doi: 10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) [(accessed on 13 June 2020)]; Available online: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html.

[6] COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) [(accessed on 13 June 2020)]; Available online: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html.

[7] World Health Organization Advice on the Use of Point-Of-Care Immunodiagnostic Tests for COVID-19. [(accessed on 13 June 2020)]; Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/advice-on-the-use-of-p....

[8] World Health Organization Advice on the Use of Point-Of-Care Immunodiagnostic Tests for COVID-19. [(accessed on 13 June 2020)]; Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/advice-on-the-use-of-p....

[9] Corman V., Bleicker T., Brünink S., Drosten C., Landt O., Koopmans M., Zambon M. Diagnostic Detection of 2019-nCoV by Real-Time RT-PCR. [(accessed on 23 June 2020)]; Protocol and Preliminary Evaluationas of 17 January 2020. Available online: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/protocol-v2-1.pdf?s...

[10] Corman V., Bleicker T., Brünink S., Drosten C., Landt O., Koopmans M., Zambon M. Diagnostic Detection of 2019-nCoV by Real-Time RT-PCR. [(accessed on 23 June 2020)]; Protocol and Preliminary Evaluationas of 17 January 2020. Available online: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/protocol-v2-1.pdf?s...

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Molecular and Serological Tests for COVID-19 a Comparative Review of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Laboratory and Point-of-Care Diagnostics

Affiliations

Molecular and Serological Tests for COVID-19 a Comparative Review of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Laboratory and Point-of-Care Diagnostics

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

Miscellaneous