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. 2020 Aug;76(8):1059-1074.
doi: 10.1007/s00228-020-02874-4. Epub 2020 May 22.

A systematic literature review assessing if genetic biomarkers are predictors for platinum-based chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer patients

Caitlin Phillips-Chavez  1   2 , Michael Watson  3 , Jermaine Coward  4   5 , Janet Schloss  6
Affiliations

A systematic literature review assessing if genetic biomarkers are predictors for platinum-based chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer patients

Caitlin Phillips-Chavez et al. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2020 Aug.

Abstract

Background: Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of gynecologic malignancies with the 5-year overall survival rate remaining at approximately 30%, a rate that has not improved over the last three decades. Standard of care for epithelial ovarian cancer patients consists of a platinum compound with a taxane given intravenously following debulking surgery; however, 80% of cases relapse within 2 years of diagnosis. This review sought to identify key underlying biomarkers related to platinum resistance in ovarian cancer to establish possible prognostic biomarkers of chemoresponse.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted across three databases PubMed, EMBASE and SCOPUS to summarise the evidence for prognostic biomarkers in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients.

Results: Forty-eight human studies were used in the review encompassing 6719 participants in retrospective and prospective study designs. A total of 68 biomarkers were reported that were significantly correlated with chemoresponse and/or survival reporting a p value less than or equal to 0.05.

Conclusion: This review accentuates the pleiotropic phenotypic complexities related to the response to platinum therapy in ovarian cancer. A one-size-fits-all approach may be ineffective in a large portion of patients, emphasising the need for a whole system-based approach and personalised treatment strategies. Identifying key biomarkers to aid clinical decision-making is the first essential step in developing and appropriating therapies for at-risk patients, reducing toxicity and improving quality of life.

Keywords: Chemoresistance; Platinum resistance; Prognostic biomarker; ovarian cancer.

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