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. 2020 Feb 4;82(2):115-124.
doi: 10.1292/jvms.19-0378. Epub 2019 Dec 17.

Identification of disordered metabolic networks in postpartum dairy cows with left displacement of the abomasum through integrated metabolomics and pathway analyses

Yan Sheng Guo  1 , Jin Zhong Tao  1 , Li Hua Xu  1 , Fan Hua Wei  1 , Sheng Hu He  1
Affiliations

Identification of disordered metabolic networks in postpartum dairy cows with left displacement of the abomasum through integrated metabolomics and pathway analyses

Yan Sheng Guo et al. J Vet Med Sci. .

Abstract

High-producing dairy cows are easily affected by left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) within 4 weeks postpartum. Although LDA is highly associated with metabolic disturbances, the related information on comprehensive metabolic changes, with the exception of some blood biochemical parameters, remains limited. In this study, the changes in plasma metabolites and in the metabolic profile of postpartum dairy cows with LDA were investigated through liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q/TOF-MS)-based metabolomics, and the metabolic networks related to LDA were constructed through metabolomics pathway analysis (MetPA). An obvious change in the metabolic profile was reflected by significant variations in 68 plasma metabolites in postpartum dairy cows with LDA, and these variations consequently altered 13 metabolic pathways (histidine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, citrate cycle, butanoate metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism). This study shows that the more detailed information obtained by LC-Q/TOF-MS-based metabolomics and MetPA might contribute to a better understanding of the disordered metabolic networks in postpartum dairy cows with LDA.

Keywords: left displacement of the abomasum; liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry; metabolomics; pathway analysis; postpartum dairy cow.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Score plots of principal component analysis for Groups D (red triangles) and H (green crosses). (a) ES+ and (b) ES−.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Score plots of partial least-squares discriminant analysis for Groups D (red triangles) and H (green crosses). (a) ES+ and (b) ES−.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Goodness-of-fit parameters from 7-fold cross-validation of the partial least-squares discriminant analysis model. (a) ES+ and (b) ES−. R2 indicates the fraction of the variance in the x and y variables explained by the models, and Q2 represents the predictive performance of the models.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Heatmaps showing the clustering of the differential metabolites. (a) ES+ and (b) ES−. Clustering was performed using ward linkage, and Euclidian distance was selected as the distance measure. A shorter Euclidean distance between tree clusters indicates higher similarity. The branch height represents the similarity between two samples and metabolites, and a subtree is more similar if a node is vertically lower in the graph. The dark red boxes indicate that the metabolite concentration is greater than the mean, and the light blue boxes show that the metabolite concentration was less than the mean.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.
Metabolome view of the altered metabolic pathways in postpartum dairy cows with left displacement of the abomasum. Colors varying from yellow to red indicate the significance of the differential metabolites used in the enrichment analysis. The impact value from the pathway topology analysis indicates the degree of variability in a pathway, and the original P value from the enrichment analysis indicates whether a particular metabolite set is more representative than expected. (a) Linoleic acid metabolism, (b) synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, (c) vitamin B6 metabolism, (d) phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, (e) citrate cycle, (f) arachidonic acid metabolism, (g) valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, (h) histidine metabolism, (i) tryptophan metabolism, (j) tyrosine metabolism, (k) pyrimidine metabolism, (l) arginine and proline metabolism, and (m) butanoate metabolism.
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