Human Neonatal Rotavirus Vaccine (RV3-BB) Produces Vaccine Take Irrespective of Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiz333

. 2020 Mar 16;221(7):1070-1078.

doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz333.

Human Neonatal Rotavirus Vaccine (RV3-BB) Produces Vaccine Take Irrespective of Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status

Karen Boniface¹, Sean G Byars², Daniel Cowley^{1

3}, Carl D Kirkwood^{1

3

4}, Julie E Bines^{1

3

5}

Affiliations

¹ Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.
² Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Seattle, Washington.
³ Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Seattle, Washington.
⁴ Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington.
⁵ Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.

PMID: 31763671
PMCID: PMC7075413
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz333

Human Neonatal Rotavirus Vaccine (RV3-BB) Produces Vaccine Take Irrespective of Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status

Karen Boniface et al. J Infect Dis. 2020.

. 2020 Mar 16;221(7):1070-1078.

doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz333.

Authors

Karen Boniface¹, Sean G Byars², Daniel Cowley^{1

3}, Carl D Kirkwood^{1

3

4}, Julie E Bines^{1

3

5}

Affiliations

¹ Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.
² Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Seattle, Washington.
³ Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Seattle, Washington.
⁴ Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington.
⁵ Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.

PMID: 31763671
PMCID: PMC7075413
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz333

Abstract

Background: VP4 [P] genotype binding specificities of rotaviruses and differential expression of histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) between populations may contribute to reduced efficacy against severe rotavirus disease. P[6]-based rotavirus vaccines could broaden protection in such settings, particularly in Africa, where the Lewis-negative phenotype and P[6] rotavirus strains are common.

Methods: The association between HBGA status and G3P[6] rotavirus vaccine (RV3-BB) take was investigated in a phase 2A study of RV3-BB vaccine involving 46 individuals in Dunedin, New Zealand, during 2012-2014. FUT2 and FUT3 genotypes were determined from DNA extracted from stool specimens, and frequencies of positive cumulative vaccine take, defined as an RV3-BB serum immune response (either immunoglobulin A or serum neutralizing antibody) and/or stool excretion of the vaccine strain, stratified by HBGA status were determined.

Results: RV3-BB produced positive cumulative vaccine take in 29 of 32 individuals (91%) who expressed a functional FUT2 enzyme (the secretor group), 13 of 13 (100%) who were FUT2 null (the nonsecretor group), and 1 of 1 with reduced FUT2 activity (i.e., a weak secretor); in 37 of 40 individuals (93%) who expressed a functional FUT3 enzyme (the Lewis-positive group) and 3 of 3 who were FUT3 null (the Lewis-negative group); and in 25 of 28 Lewis-positive secretors (89%), 12 of 12 Lewis-positive nonsecretors (100%), 2 of 2 Lewis-negative secretors, and 1 of 1 Lewis-negative weak secretor.

Conclusions: RV3-BB produced positive cumulative vaccine take irrespective of HBGA status. RV3-BB has the potential to provide an improved level of protection in settings where P[6] rotavirus disease is endemic, irrespective of the HBGA profile of the population.

Keywords: Lewis antibodies; RV3-BB; Rotavirus; histo-blood group antigens; neonatal vaccination; secretor status; vaccine take.

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Figures

**Figure 1.**
Flow of participants through the study selection process and summary of stool specimen analyses. PCR, polymerase chain reaction. *FUT2*, gene encoding fucosyltransferase 2; *FUT3*, gene encoding fucosyltransferase 3.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

1. Armah GE, Breiman RF, Tapia MD, et al. . Immunogenicity of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in African infants. Vaccine 2012; 30(Suppl 1):A86–93. - PubMed
1. Madhi SA, Cunliffe NA, Steele D, et al. . Effect of human rotavirus vaccine on severe diarrhea in African infants. N Engl J Med 2010; 362:289–98. - PubMed
1. Vesikari T, Karvonen A, Prymula R, et al. . Efficacy of human rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus gastroenteritis during the first 2 years of life in European infants: randomised, double-blind controlled study. Lancet 2007; 370:1757–63. - PubMed
1. Vesikari T, Matson DO, Dennehy P, et al. ; Rotavirus Efficacy and Safety Trial (REST) Study Team Safety and efficacy of a pentavalent human-bovine (WC3) reassortant rotavirus vaccine. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:23–33. - PubMed
1. Ouermi D, Soubeiga D, Nadembega WMC, et al. . Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus in children under five in Africa (2006–2016): a systematic review. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 20:59–69. - PubMed

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[1] Armah GE, Breiman RF, Tapia MD, et al. . Immunogenicity of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in African infants. Vaccine 2012; 30(Suppl 1):A86–93. - PubMed

[2] Armah GE, Breiman RF, Tapia MD, et al. . Immunogenicity of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in African infants. Vaccine 2012; 30(Suppl 1):A86–93. - PubMed

[3] Madhi SA, Cunliffe NA, Steele D, et al. . Effect of human rotavirus vaccine on severe diarrhea in African infants. N Engl J Med 2010; 362:289–98. - PubMed

[4] Madhi SA, Cunliffe NA, Steele D, et al. . Effect of human rotavirus vaccine on severe diarrhea in African infants. N Engl J Med 2010; 362:289–98. - PubMed

[5] Vesikari T, Karvonen A, Prymula R, et al. . Efficacy of human rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus gastroenteritis during the first 2 years of life in European infants: randomised, double-blind controlled study. Lancet 2007; 370:1757–63. - PubMed

[6] Vesikari T, Karvonen A, Prymula R, et al. . Efficacy of human rotavirus vaccine against rotavirus gastroenteritis during the first 2 years of life in European infants: randomised, double-blind controlled study. Lancet 2007; 370:1757–63. - PubMed

[7] Vesikari T, Matson DO, Dennehy P, et al. ; Rotavirus Efficacy and Safety Trial (REST) Study Team Safety and efficacy of a pentavalent human-bovine (WC3) reassortant rotavirus vaccine. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:23–33. - PubMed

[8] Vesikari T, Matson DO, Dennehy P, et al. ; Rotavirus Efficacy and Safety Trial (REST) Study Team Safety and efficacy of a pentavalent human-bovine (WC3) reassortant rotavirus vaccine. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:23–33. - PubMed

[9] Ouermi D, Soubeiga D, Nadembega WMC, et al. . Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus in children under five in Africa (2006–2016): a systematic review. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 20:59–69. - PubMed

[10] Ouermi D, Soubeiga D, Nadembega WMC, et al. . Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus in children under five in Africa (2006–2016): a systematic review. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 20:59–69. - PubMed

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Human Neonatal Rotavirus Vaccine (RV3-BB) Produces Vaccine Take Irrespective of Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status

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Human Neonatal Rotavirus Vaccine (RV3-BB) Produces Vaccine Take Irrespective of Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status

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