Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.06.047

Review

. 2020 Jan;158(2):368-388.

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.06.047. Epub 2019 Sep 26.

Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer

Bryson W Katona¹, Jennifer M Weiss²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
² Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin. Electronic address: jmw@medicine.wisc.edu.

PMID: 31563626
PMCID: PMC6981249
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.06.047

Review

Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer

Bryson W Katona et al. Gastroenterology. 2020 Jan.

. 2020 Jan;158(2):368-388.

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.06.047. Epub 2019 Sep 26.

Authors

Bryson W Katona¹, Jennifer M Weiss²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
² Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin. Electronic address: jmw@medicine.wisc.edu.

PMID: 31563626
PMCID: PMC6981249
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.06.047

Abstract

Although colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has reduced the incidence of and mortality from CRC, chemoprevention strategies have the potential to further reduce CRC incidence and mortality. Chemoprevention agents might be used for average-risk as well as high-risk groups, and to prevent CRC recurrence after therapy. CRC chemoprevention agents that have been studied include aspirin, nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins, agents that target metabolic pathways, and vitamins and minerals. We review the prospect of chemoprevention of CRC, results from preclinical and human studies, challenges, and future directions.

Keywords: Adenoma; Chemoprevention; Colorectal Cancer.

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Figures

**Figure 1.**
Complexities of CRC chemoprevention. There are many factors to consider in evaluating CRC chemoprevention agents, including the intrinsic properties of the agent (side effects, cost, ease of administration), mechanisms of chemoprevention, and groups most likely to benefit with the least risk.

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References

1. American Cancer Society. Global Cancer Facts & Figures 4th Edition American Cancer Society, 2018. Accessible at https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-....
1. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2019. American Cancer Society, 2019. Accessible at https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/facts-and-figures-2019.html.
1. Schoen RE, Pinsky PF, Weissfeld JL, et al. Colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality with screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. N Engl J Med 2012;366:2345–57. - PMC - PubMed
1. Nishihara R, Wu K, Lochhead P, et al. Long-term colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1095–105. - PMC - PubMed
1. Shaukat A, Mongin SJ, Geisser MS, et al. Long-term mortality after screening for colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1106–14. - PubMed

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[1] American Cancer Society. Global Cancer Facts & Figures 4th Edition American Cancer Society, 2018. Accessible at https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-....

[2] American Cancer Society. Global Cancer Facts & Figures 4th Edition American Cancer Society, 2018. Accessible at https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-....

[3] American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2019. American Cancer Society, 2019. Accessible at https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/facts-and-figures-2019.html.

[4] American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2019. American Cancer Society, 2019. Accessible at https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/facts-and-figures-2019.html.

[5] Schoen RE, Pinsky PF, Weissfeld JL, et al. Colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality with screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. N Engl J Med 2012;366:2345–57. - PMC - PubMed

[6] Schoen RE, Pinsky PF, Weissfeld JL, et al. Colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality with screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. N Engl J Med 2012;366:2345–57. - PMC - PubMed

[7] Nishihara R, Wu K, Lochhead P, et al. Long-term colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1095–105. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Nishihara R, Wu K, Lochhead P, et al. Long-term colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1095–105. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Shaukat A, Mongin SJ, Geisser MS, et al. Long-term mortality after screening for colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1106–14. - PubMed

[10] Shaukat A, Mongin SJ, Geisser MS, et al. Long-term mortality after screening for colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1106–14. - PubMed

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Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer

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Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer

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