Perspective on Adenoviruses: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, and Gene Therapy

doi:10.3390/biomedicines7030061

Review

. 2019 Aug 19;7(3):61.

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines7030061.

Perspective on Adenoviruses: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, and Gene Therapy

Brennetta J Crenshaw¹, Leandra B Jones¹, Courtnee' R Bell¹, Sanjay Kumar², Qiana L Matthews^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
² Departments of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
³ Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA. qmatthews@alasu.edu.
⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA. qmatthews@alasu.edu.

PMID: 31430920
PMCID: PMC6784011
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7030061

Review

Perspective on Adenoviruses: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, and Gene Therapy

Brennetta J Crenshaw et al. Biomedicines. 2019.

. 2019 Aug 19;7(3):61.

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines7030061.

Authors

Brennetta J Crenshaw¹, Leandra B Jones¹, Courtnee' R Bell¹, Sanjay Kumar², Qiana L Matthews^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
² Departments of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
³ Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA. qmatthews@alasu.edu.
⁴ Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA. qmatthews@alasu.edu.

PMID: 31430920
PMCID: PMC6784011
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7030061

Abstract

Human adenoviruses are large (150 MDa) doubled-stranded DNA viruses that cause respiratory infections. These viruses are particularly pathogenic in healthy and immune-compromised individuals, and currently, no adenovirus vaccine is available for the general public. The purpose of this review is to describe (i) the epidemiology and pathogenicity of human adenoviruses, (ii) the biological role of adenovirus vectors in gene therapy applications, and (iii) the potential role of exosomes in adenoviral infections.

Keywords: Mastadenovirus; adenovirus; epidemiology; exosomes; gene therapy; serotype.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
A digital cryo-electron micrograph of the Adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad-5)/HVR5-33RGD vector. Adenoviruses are non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that cause cold-like infections of the upper respiratory tract. These viruses have an icosahedral-shaped capsid that ranges from 90–100 nm in diameter and a ~36-kb genome. This image was collected on a Tecnai-12 microscope using a Gatan UltraScan 1000 (2k × 2k) CCD camera. The scale bar represents 1,000 Å. Image provided courtesy of Dr. Phoebe Stewart, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

**Figure 2**
Mechanisms of HAdV spread within the body. HAdV may be transmitted directly or indirectly. These viruses can adversely impact body systems and cause organ dysfunction. HAdV can evade the immune response and produce persistent or latent infections. The organs are represented in purple, while the body systems are represented in blue. The biological status of the infected host is indicated in green.

**Figure 3**
Exosomes mediate HAdV attachment and entry. The coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) mediates the entry of HAdv into human cells. Exosomes act as carriers for viruses, and this inclusion is important for viral survival, spread, and infection in the host organism. The HAdV binds to exosomes, enters cells via phosphatidylserine/TIM-4 interactions or other binding proteins. In addition, the virus injects their DNA into the host cell, which produces copies of its genes and proteins, resulting in transmission. Multivesicular bodies (MVBs).

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

Binding Mechanism Elucidation of the Acute Respiratory Disease Causing Agent Adenovirus of Serotype 7 to Desmoglein-2.
Hograindleur MA, Effantin G, Fenel D, Mas C, Lieber A, Schoehn G, Fender P, Vassal-Stermann E. Hograindleur MA, et al. Viruses. 2020 Sep 25;12(10):1075. doi: 10.3390/v12101075. Viruses. 2020. PMID: 32992715 Free PMC article.
Vaccines based on replication incompetent Ad26 viral vectors: Standardized template with key considerations for a risk/benefit assessment.
Custers J, Kim D, Leyssen M, Gurwith M, Tomaka F, Robertson J, Heijnen E, Condit R, Shukarev G, Heerwegh D, van Heesbeen R, Schuitemaker H, Douoguih M, Evans E, Smith ER, Chen RT; Brighton Collaboration Viral Vector Vaccines Safety Working Group (V3SWG). Custers J, et al. Vaccine. 2021 May 21;39(22):3081-3101. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.09.018. Epub 2020 Oct 3. Vaccine. 2021. PMID: 33676782 Free PMC article. Review.
Human Adenovirus B7d-Associated Urethritis after Suspected Sexual Transmission, Japan.
Hanaoka N, Ito S, Nojiri N, Konagaya M, Yasuda M, Deguchi T, Fujimoto T. Hanaoka N, et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020 Oct;26(10):2444-2447. doi: 10.3201/eid2610.191538. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020. PMID: 32946724 Free PMC article.
Mastadenovirus Molecular Diversity in Waste and Environmental Waters from the Lisbon Metropolitan Area.
Cavadas J, Parreira R, Leonardo I, Barreto Crespo MT, Nunes M. Cavadas J, et al. Microorganisms. 2022 Dec 10;10(12):2443. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10122443. Microorganisms. 2022. PMID: 36557697 Free PMC article.
Infection of Bronchial Epithelial Cells by the Human Adenoviruses A12, B3, and C2 Differently Regulates the Innate Antiviral Effector APOBEC3B.
Lejeune N, Poulain F, Willemart K, Blockx Z, Mathieu S, Gillet NA. Lejeune N, et al. J Virol. 2021 Jun 10;95(13):e0241320. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02413-20. Epub 2021 Jun 10. J Virol. 2021. PMID: 33853956 Free PMC article.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. Ryu W.-S. Molecular Virology of Human Pathogenic Viruses. Academic Press; Cambridge, MA, USA: 2016. p. 440.
1. Hoeben R.C., Uil T.G. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. Volume 5. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor; New York, NY, USA: 2013. Adenovirus DNA replication; p. a013003. - PMC - PubMed
1. King A.M.Q., Adams M.J., Carstens E.B., Lefkowitz E.J., editors. Virus Taxonomy. Elsevier; San Diego, CA, USA: 2012. Family-adenoviridae; pp. 125–141.
1. Ginsberg H.S. The life and times of adenoviruses. In: Maramorosch K., Murphy F.A., Shatkin A.J., editors. Advances in Virus Research. Volume 54. Academic Press; Cambridge, MA, USA: 1999. pp. 1–13. - PubMed
1. Rowe P.W., Huebner R.J., Gilmore L.K., Parrott R.H., Ward T.G. Isolation of a cytopathogenic agent from human adenoids undergoing spontaneous degeneration in tissue culture. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1954;84:570–573. doi: 10.3181/00379727-84-20714. - DOI - PubMed

Publication types

Actions

Grants and funding

1R15DA045564-01/NH/NIH HHS/United States

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

[1] Ryu W.-S. Molecular Virology of Human Pathogenic Viruses. Academic Press; Cambridge, MA, USA: 2016. p. 440.

[2] Ryu W.-S. Molecular Virology of Human Pathogenic Viruses. Academic Press; Cambridge, MA, USA: 2016. p. 440.

[3] Hoeben R.C., Uil T.G. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. Volume 5. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor; New York, NY, USA: 2013. Adenovirus DNA replication; p. a013003. - PMC - PubMed

[4] Hoeben R.C., Uil T.G. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. Volume 5. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor; New York, NY, USA: 2013. Adenovirus DNA replication; p. a013003. - PMC - PubMed

[5] King A.M.Q., Adams M.J., Carstens E.B., Lefkowitz E.J., editors. Virus Taxonomy. Elsevier; San Diego, CA, USA: 2012. Family-adenoviridae; pp. 125–141.

[6] King A.M.Q., Adams M.J., Carstens E.B., Lefkowitz E.J., editors. Virus Taxonomy. Elsevier; San Diego, CA, USA: 2012. Family-adenoviridae; pp. 125–141.

[7] Ginsberg H.S. The life and times of adenoviruses. In: Maramorosch K., Murphy F.A., Shatkin A.J., editors. Advances in Virus Research. Volume 54. Academic Press; Cambridge, MA, USA: 1999. pp. 1–13. - PubMed

[8] Ginsberg H.S. The life and times of adenoviruses. In: Maramorosch K., Murphy F.A., Shatkin A.J., editors. Advances in Virus Research. Volume 54. Academic Press; Cambridge, MA, USA: 1999. pp. 1–13. - PubMed

[9] Rowe P.W., Huebner R.J., Gilmore L.K., Parrott R.H., Ward T.G. Isolation of a cytopathogenic agent from human adenoids undergoing spontaneous degeneration in tissue culture. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1954;84:570–573. doi: 10.3181/00379727-84-20714. - DOI - PubMed

[10] Rowe P.W., Huebner R.J., Gilmore L.K., Parrott R.H., Ward T.G. Isolation of a cytopathogenic agent from human adenoids undergoing spontaneous degeneration in tissue culture. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1954;84:570–573. doi: 10.3181/00379727-84-20714. - DOI - PubMed

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Perspective on Adenoviruses: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, and Gene Therapy

Affiliations

Perspective on Adenoviruses: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, and Gene Therapy

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Publication types

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources