Gefitinib Versus Gefitinib Plus Pemetrexed and Carboplatin Chemotherapy in EGFR-Mutated Lung Cancer
- PMID: 31411950
- DOI: 10.1200/JCO.19.01154
Gefitinib Versus Gefitinib Plus Pemetrexed and Carboplatin Chemotherapy in EGFR-Mutated Lung Cancer
Abstract
Purpose: Standard first-line therapy for EGFR-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-directed oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Adding pemetrexed and carboplatin chemotherapy to an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor may improve outcomes.
Patients and methods: This was a phase III randomized trial in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring an EGFR-sensitizing mutation and a performance status of 0 to 2 who were planned to receive first-line palliative therapy. Random assignment was 1:1 to gefitinib 250 mg orally per day (Gef) or gefitinib 250 mg orally per day plus pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 and carboplatin area under curve 5 intravenously every 3 weeks for four cycles, followed by maintenance pemetrexed (gefitinib plus chemotherapy [Gef+C]). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary end points included overall survival (OS), response rate, and toxicity.
Results: Between 2016 and 2018, 350 patients were randomly assigned to Gef (n = 176) and Gef+C (n = 174). Twenty-one percent of patients had a performance status of 2, and 18% of patients had brain metastases. Median follow-up time was 17 months (range, 7 to 30 months). Radiologic response rates were 75% and 63% in the Gef+C and Gef arms, respectively (P = .01). Estimated median PFS was significantly longer with Gef+C than Gef (16 months [95% CI, 13.5 to 18.5 months] v 8 months [95% CI, 7.0 to 9.0 months], respectively; hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.39 to 0.66]; P < .001). Estimated median OS was significantly longer with Gef+C than Gef (not reached v 17 months [95% CI, 13.5 to 20.5 months]; hazard ratio for death, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.31 to 0.65]; P < .001). Clinically relevant grade 3 or greater toxicities occurred in 51% and 25% of patients in the Gef+C and Gef arms, respectively (P < .001).
Conclusion: Adding pemetrexed and carboplatin chemotherapy to gefitinib significantly prolonged PFS and OS but increased toxicity in patients with NSCLC.
Comment in
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A new standard for EGFR-mutant NSCLC?Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2019 Oct;16(10):593. doi: 10.1038/s41571-019-0271-8. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2019. PMID: 31471565 No abstract available.
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What's Old Is New Again: Revisiting Up-Front Chemotherapy in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.J Clin Oncol. 2020 Jan 10;38(2):107-110. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.02724. Epub 2019 Nov 27. J Clin Oncol. 2020. PMID: 31774706 No abstract available.
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Is Gefitinib Combined With Platinum-Doublet Chemotherapy a Counterpart to Osimertinib Monotherapy in Advanced EGFR-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the First-Line Setting?J Clin Oncol. 2020 Mar 10;38(8):843-844. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.02509. Epub 2020 Jan 2. J Clin Oncol. 2020. PMID: 31895605 No abstract available.
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Contradiction Between Stated Statistical Analysis Method and Displayed Survival Curves.J Clin Oncol. 2020 Mar 10;38(8):844. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.02527. Epub 2020 Jan 2. J Clin Oncol. 2020. PMID: 31895606 No abstract available.
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Reply to T. Tanaka et al and F. Liang.J Clin Oncol. 2020 Mar 10;38(8):844-846. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.02974. Epub 2020 Jan 2. J Clin Oncol. 2020. PMID: 31895609 No abstract available.
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