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. 2019 Jul 30;6(3):65.
doi: 10.3390/bioengineering6030065.

Nanocellulose-Based Inks-Effect of Alginate Content on the Water Absorption of 3D Printed Constructs

Eduardo Espinosa  1 , Daniel Filgueira  2 , Alejandro Rodríguez  1 , Gary Chinga-Carrasco  3
Affiliations

Nanocellulose-Based Inks-Effect of Alginate Content on the Water Absorption of 3D Printed Constructs

Eduardo Espinosa et al. Bioengineering (Basel). .

Abstract

2,2,6,6-tetramethylpyperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) were used as ink for three-dimensional (3D) printing of porous structures with potential as wound dressings. Alginate (10, 20, 30 and 40 wt%) was incorporated into the formulation to facilitate the ionic cross-linking with calcium chloride (CaCl2). The effect of two different concentrations of CaCl2 (50 and 100 mM) was studied. The 3D printed hydrogels were freeze-dried to produce aerogels which were tested for water absorption. Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) pictures demonstrated that the higher the concentration of the cross-linker the higher the definition of the printed tracks. CNF-based aerogels showed a remarkable water absorption capability. Although the incorporation of alginate and the cross-linking with CaCl2 led to shrinkage of the 3D printed constructs, the approach yielded suitable porous structures for water and moisture absorption. It is concluded that the 3D printed biocomposite structures developed in this study have characteristics that are promising for wound dressings devices.

Keywords: 3D printing; absorption; nanocellulose; wound dressings.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Viscosity of the inks CNF, CNF_A20 and CNF_A40. Ten single measurements are included for each speed interval and for each sample.
Figure 2
Figure 2
3D printed gels. Note the relatively large lateral flow of inks CNF_A20 and CNF_A40. The target dimensions of the 3D printed structures were 20 mm × 40 mm.
Figure 3
Figure 3
A 3D printed CNF wound dressing cross-linked with CaCl2 (CNF_C50), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of a region of five freeze-dried 3D printed constructs. The target dimension of the 3D printed CNF structure (upper left) was 20 mm × 40 mm.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Moisture absorption curves for the different aerogels.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Water absorption curves for the different aerogels.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Wound dressings cross-linked with CaCl2 (50 mM). Note the relatively large shrinkage of the samples containing alginate. The target dimensions of the 3D printed structures were 20 mm × 40 mm.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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