Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2019 Jul;32(4):231-242.
doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1683850. Epub 2019 Jun 17.

Crohn's Disease of the Esophagus, Duodenum, and Stomach

David M Schwartzberg  1 , Stephen Brandstetter  1 , Alexis L Grucela  2
Affiliations
Review

Crohn's Disease of the Esophagus, Duodenum, and Stomach

David M Schwartzberg et al. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2019 Jul.

Abstract

Upper gastrointestinal Crohn's is an under-reported, under-recognized phenotype of Crohn's disease. Routine screening in the pediatric population has shown a higher prevalence compared with adults; however, most adult patients remain asymptomatic with respect to upper gastrointestinal Crohn's disease. For the patients who are symptomatic, medical treatment is the first line of management, except for cases of obstruction, perforation, or bleeding. Though most patients respond to medical therapy, mainly steroids, with the addition of immunomodulators and more recently biologics agents, surgical intervention is usually required only for obstructing gastroduodenal disease secondary to strictures. Strictureplasty and bypass are safe operations with comparable morbidity, although bypass has higher rates of dumping syndrome and marginal ulceration in the long term. Rare cases of gastroduodenal fistulous disease from active distal disease may involve the stomach or duodenum, and esophageal Crohn's disease can fistulize to surrounding structures in the mediastinum which may require the highly morbid esophagectomy.

Keywords: Upper Gastrointestinal Crohn's Disease; esophageal Crohn's disease; gastroduodenal Crohn's disease; strictureplasty.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Manifestations of CD seen on EGD. (https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2014/610767/fig1/).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Comfort M W, Weber H M, Baggenstoss A H, Kiely W F. Nonspecific granulomatous inflammation of the stomach and duodenum; its relation to regional enteritis. Am J Med Sci. 1950;220(06):616–632. - PubMed
    1. Crohn B B, Ginzburg L, Oppenheimer G D. Landmark article Oct 15, 1932. Regional ileitis. A pathological and clinical entity. By Burril B. Crohn, Leon Ginzburg, and Gordon D. Oppenheimer. JAMA. 1984;251(01):73–79. - PubMed
    1. Reynolds H L, Jr, Stellato T A.Crohn's disease of the foregut Surg Clin North Am 20018101117–135., viii - PubMed
    1. Goldstein N S, Lewin K J, Doty J E. Gastrointestinal tract. Pathology (Phila) 1996;3(02):349–365. - PubMed
    1. Loftus E V, Jr, Schoenfeld P, Sandborn W J. The epidemiology and natural history of Crohn's disease in population-based patient cohorts from North America: a systematic review. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16(01):51–60. - PubMed