Genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function may not show synchronised responses to mitochondria in shell gland of laying chickens under infectious bronchitis virus challenge

doi:10.1186/s12860-019-0190-7

. 2019 Apr 1;20(1):3.

doi: 10.1186/s12860-019-0190-7.

Genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function may not show synchronised responses to mitochondria in shell gland of laying chickens under infectious bronchitis virus challenge

Samiullah Khan^{1

2}, Juliet Roberts¹, Shu-Biao Wu³

Affiliations

¹ Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, 2351, Australia.
² Present address: School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia, 5371, Australia.
³ Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, 2351, Australia. shubiao.wu@une.edu.au.

PMID: 31041887
PMCID: PMC6446503
DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0190-7

Genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function may not show synchronised responses to mitochondria in shell gland of laying chickens under infectious bronchitis virus challenge

Samiullah Khan et al. BMC Mol Cell Biol. 2019.

. 2019 Apr 1;20(1):3.

doi: 10.1186/s12860-019-0190-7.

Authors

Samiullah Khan^{1

2}, Juliet Roberts¹, Shu-Biao Wu³

Affiliations

¹ Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, 2351, Australia.
² Present address: School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia, 5371, Australia.
³ Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, 2351, Australia. shubiao.wu@une.edu.au.

PMID: 31041887
PMCID: PMC6446503
DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0190-7

Abstract

Background: Egg formation takes place in the oviduct of laying hens over a 24 h period. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes pathological lesions in the chicken oviduct. In the current study, mitochondrial counts were determined in three different segments of the oviduct during egg formation in laying chickens challenged with IBV T strain. Nuclear DNA encoded genes that are involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, fission and function were studied in the shell gland of the oviduct undergoing virus multiplication.

Results: In the shell gland, the mitochondrial count was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the challenged group, compared with the control group. However, it did not vary in response to IBV challenge in the isthmus and magnum regions of the oviduct. The gene succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein variant (SDHA) was down-regulated in the shell gland by IBV challenge (P < 0.05), while other genes being studied did not show responses to the challenge (P > 0.05). Differential expression of the genes was observed at different time-points of egg-shell formation. The expression levels of citrate synthase (CS), cytochrome C, somatic (CYC, S) and sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na⁺-K⁺ATPase) genes were significantly higher, while those of SDHA and dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1) genes were significantly lower, at 15 h compared with 5 h following oviposition of the previous egg. The expression level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) did not show significant change at different time-points.

Conclusions: It was concluded that IBV T strain infection in laying hens reduced mitochondrial counts only in the shell gland region of the oviduct. The genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis or function may not show synchronised responses to that of mitochondria in the shell gland of chickens under T strain of IBV challenge.

Keywords: Chicken oviduct; Infectious bronchitis; Laying chicken; Mitochondrial function; Nuclear DNA encoded genes.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The animal trial was approved by the University of New England, Animal Ethics Approval Committee under Authority No. AEC15–118. The experimental protocol complied with the guidelines specified in the Australian Code for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes 8th edition 2013. This study did not involve the use of human data or tissue.

Consent for publications

The authors declare no consent for publishing the data originated from this study.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

**Fig. 1**
Gel electrophoresis for assessing the specificities of the primers. L) DNA ladder; 1) *ND4* (137 bp); 2) *GAPDH* (137 bp); 3) *SDHA* (126 bp); 4) *Drp1/DNM1L* (91 bp); 5) CS (152 bp); 6) *PGC-1α/PPARGC1A* (70 bp); 7) *CYC, S* (140 bp); 8) Na⁺-K⁺ *ATPase* (179 bp); 9) IBV T strain (181 bp); 10) IBV Vic S strain as a positive control (76 bp). For the DNA gel electrophoresis in the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer, Agilent DNA 1000 Kit was used as per the manufacturer’s instructions

**Fig. 2**
Antibody titre of the control and challenged hens on days 9–10 post-infection. The antibody titre was calculated as per the protocol of the Infectious Bronchitis Virus Antibody Test Kit (IDEXX Laboratories). According to the kit protocol, Sample/Positive (S/P) ratio > 0.20 shows antibody level positive for IBV. Bars represent standard deviation. Superscripts (^a,b) show significant differences

**Fig. 3**
Mean mitochondrial count per cell in different segments of oviduct of laying hens at different time-points and IBV challenge. a Mitochondria in the shell gland (P = 0.0050). b Mitochondria in the isthmus (P = 0.2577). c. Mitochondria in the magnum (P = 0.0879). Superscripts (^a,b) show significant difference between the control and IBV T strain challenged groups. Bars represent standard error of the mean values

**Fig. 4**
Relative expression levels of *SDHA* and Na⁺-K⁺ *ATPase* in the shell gland tissue affected by virus challenge and egg-shell formation time-point interaction. a. *SDHA*. b. Na⁺-K⁺ *ATPase.* Values are normalised relative quantities (NRQ) to the mean expression level of all the samples ± S.E. Superscripts (^a,b) across the bars indicate significant difference in the viral challenged and control groups

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

Transcriptome and histological analyses on the uterus of freckle egg laying hens.
Duan G, Liu W, Han H, Li D, Lei Q, Zhou Y, Liu J, Wang J, Du Y, Cao D, Chen F, Li F. Duan G, et al. BMC Genomics. 2023 Dec 5;24(1):738. doi: 10.1186/s12864-023-09828-x. BMC Genomics. 2023. PMID: 38049727 Free PMC article.
Improving effects of Epimedium flavonoids on the selected reproductive features in layer hens after forced molting.
Huo S, Li Y, Guo Y, Zhang S, Li P, Gao P. Huo S, et al. Poult Sci. 2020 May;99(5):2757-2765. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.12.053. Epub 2020 Mar 29. Poult Sci. 2020. PMID: 32359613 Free PMC article.
Mitochondrial transcription factor A induces the declined mitochondrial biogenesis correlative with depigmentation of brown eggshell in aged laying hens.
Lu MY, Wang WW, Qi GH, Xu L, Wang J. Lu MY, et al. Poult Sci. 2021 Mar;100(3):100811. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.065. Epub 2020 Nov 11. Poult Sci. 2021. PMID: 33518349 Free PMC article.

References

1. Palmiter RD, Wrenn JT. Interaction of estrogen and progesterone in chick oviduct development III. Tubular gland cell cytodifferentiation. J Cell Biol. 1971;50:598–615. doi: 10.1083/jcb.50.3.598. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Kohler PO, Grimley PM, O'malley BW. Estrogen-induced cytodifferentiation of the ovalbumin-secreting glands of the chick oviduct. J Cell Biol. 1969;40:8–27. doi: 10.1083/jcb.40.1.8. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Oka T, Schimke RT. Interaction of estrogen and progesterone in chick oviduct development II. Effects of estrogen and progesterone on tubular gland cell function. J Cell Biol. 1969;43:123–137. doi: 10.1083/jcb.43.1.123. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Majumder K. Composition and properties of egg white. In: Roberts JR, editor. Achieving sustainable production of eggs. UK: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited; 2017. pp. 25–48.
1. Bain M. Composition and properties of eggshell. In: Roberts JR, editor. Achieving sustainable production of eggs. UK: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited; 2017. pp. 3–24.

Publication types

Actions

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Research Materials
- NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program
Miscellaneous
- NCI CPTAC Assay Portal

[1] Palmiter RD, Wrenn JT. Interaction of estrogen and progesterone in chick oviduct development III. Tubular gland cell cytodifferentiation. J Cell Biol. 1971;50:598–615. doi: 10.1083/jcb.50.3.598. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Palmiter RD, Wrenn JT. Interaction of estrogen and progesterone in chick oviduct development III. Tubular gland cell cytodifferentiation. J Cell Biol. 1971;50:598–615. doi: 10.1083/jcb.50.3.598. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Kohler PO, Grimley PM, O'malley BW. Estrogen-induced cytodifferentiation of the ovalbumin-secreting glands of the chick oviduct. J Cell Biol. 1969;40:8–27. doi: 10.1083/jcb.40.1.8. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Kohler PO, Grimley PM, O'malley BW. Estrogen-induced cytodifferentiation of the ovalbumin-secreting glands of the chick oviduct. J Cell Biol. 1969;40:8–27. doi: 10.1083/jcb.40.1.8. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Oka T, Schimke RT. Interaction of estrogen and progesterone in chick oviduct development II. Effects of estrogen and progesterone on tubular gland cell function. J Cell Biol. 1969;43:123–137. doi: 10.1083/jcb.43.1.123. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Oka T, Schimke RT. Interaction of estrogen and progesterone in chick oviduct development II. Effects of estrogen and progesterone on tubular gland cell function. J Cell Biol. 1969;43:123–137. doi: 10.1083/jcb.43.1.123. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Majumder K. Composition and properties of egg white. In: Roberts JR, editor. Achieving sustainable production of eggs. UK: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited; 2017. pp. 25–48.

[8] Majumder K. Composition and properties of egg white. In: Roberts JR, editor. Achieving sustainable production of eggs. UK: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited; 2017. pp. 25–48.

[9] Bain M. Composition and properties of eggshell. In: Roberts JR, editor. Achieving sustainable production of eggs. UK: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited; 2017. pp. 3–24.

[10] Bain M. Composition and properties of eggshell. In: Roberts JR, editor. Achieving sustainable production of eggs. UK: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited; 2017. pp. 3–24.

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed