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. 2019 Jul 15:577:21-25.
doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.04.007. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Crossly charged microfluidic device for spontaneous filtration without an external power supply

Kiwoong Kim  1 , Sang Joon Lee  2
Affiliations

Crossly charged microfluidic device for spontaneous filtration without an external power supply

Kiwoong Kim et al. Anal Biochem. .

Abstract

Spontaneous filtration without a power supply was investigated using highly charged precursor mixtures instead of recognized microfluidic desalination techniques. The proposed filtration method consisted of a main channel (depth: 1 mm) and shallow channels (depth: 400 μm) in which the precursor mixture was injected. The filtration performance of the proposed device was evaluated by injecting a fluorescent dye that moved toward the centerline of the main channel. The respective rejection rates of CaCl2, NaCl, CaSO4, and Na2SO4 were 3.16%, 30.13%, 43.74%, and 36.32%, respectively. This trend can be explained by the mechanism of Donnan exclusion theory. The focusing of charged species toward the centerline of the main channel was caused by highly charged surfaces. The proposed filtration method exhibited a migration of charged microparticles toward a certain direction. This particle migration behavior was consistent with the simulation data. These results suggested that the proposed filtration method had strong potential for desalinating brackish water or salty surface water without an external power supply.

Keywords: Charged surface; Desalination; Filtration; Ion rejection; Microfluidic device.

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