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Review
. 2019 Mar 6:10:193.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00193. eCollection 2019.

Cross-Talk Signaling in Rice During Combined Drought and Bacterial Blight Stress

Ramu S Vemanna  1   2 , Rahul Bakade  3 , Pooja Bharti  1 , M K Prasanna Kumar  3 , Sheshshayee M Sreeman  1 , Muthappa Senthil-Kumar  4 , Udayakumar Makarla  1
Affiliations
Review

Cross-Talk Signaling in Rice During Combined Drought and Bacterial Blight Stress

Ramu S Vemanna et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

Due to climatic changes, rice crop is affected by moisture deficit stress and pathogens. Tissue water limitation besides reducing growth rates, also renders the crop susceptible to the infection by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) that causes bacterial leaf blight. Independently, both drought adaptation and Xoo resistance have been extensively studied. Though the cross-talk between drought and Xoo stress responses have been explored from individual stress studies, examining the combinatorial stress response is limited in rice. Recently published combined stress studies showed that under the combined stress, maintenance of carbon assimilation is hindered and such response is regulated by overlapping cellular mechanisms that are different from either of the individual stresses. Several receptors, MAP kinases, transcription factors, and ribosomal proteins, are predicted for playing a role in cellular homeostasis and protects cells from combined stress effects. Here we provide a critical analysis of these aspects using information from the recently published combined stress literature. This review is useful for researchers to comprehend combinatorial stress response of rice plants to drought and Xoo.

Keywords: QTL; Xanthomonas; combined stress; drought; protein synthesis; rice.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The molecular responses under drought and Xoo infection in Rice. The stress signals from biotic and abiotic stresses are perceived by specific receptors and cascade of signaling processes such as protien Kinases, TFs, transporters, ribosomal protiens, and many hormone responsive genes are differentially co-regulated in both drought and pathogen stress. The transcriptional regulators which play central role enhances the transcripts of diverse functional genes and ribosomal proteins translate the message in to protein to maintain cellular homeostasis under combined stress Many of these genes were upregulatcd under combined stress have relevance in improving stress adaptation (Narsai et al., 2013; Huang et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2016).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Regulatory networks under combined stress of drought and Xoo infection in nee. The data taken from the combined stress transcriptomic studies and a model arrived from the knowledge from diverse studies. The phytohormones play crucial role in crosstalk signaling mechanisms. Some of the key genes play antogonistic, overlapping, and opposite role with response to combined stress which depends on intensity of stress and cellular homeostasis with regards protein turnover or stability. The LEAs. dchydrins, HSPs, Bips provide stability to proteins (Narsai et al., 2013; Sharma et al., 2013).
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