Thyroid function during the first year of use of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate
- PMID: 30721635
- DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2018.1559284
Thyroid function during the first year of use of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate thyroid function profile as a possible factor influencing weight and body composition variation in new users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA).
Materials and methods: A prospective, non-randomised, comparative study was conducted at the University of Campinas, Brazil. Women aged 18-40 years with a body mass index (BMI) less than 30 kg/m2, normal oral glucose tolerance test, no known diseases, and using no medication, who opted to use DMPA were paired by age (±1 year) and BMI (±1 kg/m2) with women initiating copper intrauterine device (IUD) use. The main outcome measures were thyroid function profile, weight, and body composition, as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We used repeated measures ANOVA to perform comparisons between times and groups.
Results: We evaluated 28 DMPA users and 24 IUD users who completed the 12-month follow-up. We observed that FT4 levels were higher at 12 months (compared to baseline) in the DMPA group (p < .0001) and that FT4/FT3 ratio had increased in both groups. Additionally, at 12 months, total body mass had increased around 2 kg and lean mass increased in the DMPA group compared to the IUD group; there was also an increase in weight, BMI, total body mass, and fat mass when compared to baseline.
Conclusions: No changes in thyroid function occurred that could explain the weight increase observed in DMPA users.
Keywords: Contraception; body composition; body weight; deiodinases; depot medroxyprogesterone acetate; thyroid function.
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