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. 2018 Nov 19;16(1):119.
doi: 10.1186/s12958-018-0438-7.

Body mass index and basal androstenedione are independent risk factors for miscarriage in polycystic ovary syndrome

Wan Yang  1 , Rui Yang  1 , Mingmei Lin  1 , Yan Yang  1 , Xueling Song  1 , Jiajia Zhang  1 , Shuo Yang  1 , Ying Song  1 , Jia Li  1 , Tianshu Pang  1 , Feng Deng  1 , Hua Zhang  2 , Ying Wang  3 , Rong Li  1 , Jie Jiao  1
Affiliations

Body mass index and basal androstenedione are independent risk factors for miscarriage in polycystic ovary syndrome

Wan Yang et al. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. .

Abstract

Background: There is limited literature investigating the effects of body mass index (BMI) and androgen level on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-antagonist protocol in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Androgen-related variation in the effect of body mass index (BMI) on IVF outcomes remains unknown.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 583 infertile women with PCOS who underwent IVF using the conventional GnRH-antagonist protocol were included. Patients were divided into four groups according to BMI and androgen level: overweight- hyperandrogenism(HA) group, n = 96, overweight-non-HA group, n = 117, non-overweight-HA group, n = 152, and non-overweight-non-HA group, n = 218.

Results: A significantly higher number of oocytes were retrieved, and the total Gn consumption as well Gn consumption per day was significantly lower, in the non-overweight groups than in the overweight groups. The number of available embryos was significantly higher in the HA groups than in the non-HA groups. Clinical pregnancy rate was of no significant difference among four groups. Live-birth rates in the overweight groups were significantly lower than those in non-overweight-non-HA group (23.9, 28.4% vs. 42.5%, P<0.05). The miscarriage rate in overweight-HA group was significantly higher than that in non-overweight-non-HA group (45.2% vs. 14.5%, P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI and basal androstenedione (AND) both acted as significantly influent factors on miscarriage rate. The area under the curve (AUC) in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for BMI and basal AND on miscarriage rate were 0.607 (P = 0.029) and 0.657 (P = 0.001), respectively, and the cut-off values of BMI and basal AND were 25.335 kg/m2 and 10.95 nmol/L, respectively.

Conclusions: In IVF cycles with GnRH-antagonist protocol, economic benefits were seen in non-overweight patients with PCOS, with less Gn cost and more retrieved oocytes. BMI and basal AND were both significantly influential factors with moderate predictive ability on the miscarriage rate. The predictive value of basal AND on miscarriage was slightly stronger than BMI.

Keywords: Body mass index; Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist; Hyperandrogenism; In vitro fertilization; Polycystic ovary syndrome.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital. Since this is a retrospective investigation, patients were not asked to participate in this study.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis of body mass index (BMI) and androstenedione (AND) on prediction of miscarriage rate. The green line and blue lines represent AND and BMI, respectively, and the beige line is the reference
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