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Case Reports
. 2018 Nov 8;18(1):1080.
doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-5019-9.

Case report: dual primary AIDS-defining cancers in an HIV-infected patient receiving antiretroviral therapy: Burkitt's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma

Seong Eun Kim  1 , Younggon Jung  1 , Tae Hoon Oh  1 , Uh Jin Kim  1 , Seung-Ji Kang  1 , Hee-Chang Jang  1 , Kyung-Hwa Park  1 , Kyung-Hwa Lee  2 , Sook In Jung  3
Affiliations
Case Reports

Case report: dual primary AIDS-defining cancers in an HIV-infected patient receiving antiretroviral therapy: Burkitt's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma

Seong Eun Kim et al. BMC Cancer. .

Abstract

Background: The incidence of AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) has decreased markedly in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The occurrence of two ADCs is rare in people living with HIV or AIDS (PWHA) who are severely immunosuppressed or have incomplete virologic suppression.

Case presentation: We report a case of dual primary ADCs, especially NHL followed by KS, in a 70-year-old HIV-infected man who was on antiretroviral therapy and had successful virologic suppression. During HAART, he presented with generalized myalgia and abdominal pain. Multiple liver masses were detected and a biopsy revealed Burkitt's lymphoma. After three cycles of anticancer chemotherapy with a favorable response, he was diagnosed with cytomegalovirus retinitis and the anti-cancer chemotherapy was discontinued. Despite successful virologic suppression with HAART, human herpes virus-8 associated Kaposi's sarcoma was diagnosed in his right thigh. He underwent radiation therapy.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that multiple ADCs can occur in PWHA who are receiving HAART and have successful virologic suppression. Healthcare providers caring for PWHA should maintain vigilance for the development of a broad spectrum of cancers.

Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; Burkitt’s lymphoma; HIV; Kaposi’s sarcoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Written consent to publish this case report was obtained from the patient (Consent No. 2017-JN24).

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
(a) CT of the abdomen revealed 2.5- and 1.5-cm low-attenuated lesions in liver segment 5, with other smaller lesions in both hepatic lobes. (b) Thigh CT showed edematous changes in subcutaneous tissues of the right thigh
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
(a) Histopathologically, the core biopsy from the liver showed a dense lymphocytic infiltration in the parenchyma (hematoxylin and eosin staining, original magnification × 100). (b-c) The tumor cells were immunopositive for CD20 (b) and CD79a (c) (immunohistochemistry, original magnification × 200). (d) The tumor cells displayed strong positivity on EBV in situ hybridization, consistent with Burkitt’s lymphoma (in situ hybridization, original magnification × 200)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
(a) The skin biopsy revealed a highly cellular lesion composed of bland spindle cells and intervening irregular vascular spaces (hematoxylin and eosin staining, original magnification × 100). (b-c) The tumor cells were strongly positive for CD31 (b) and HHV-8 LNA-1 (c), a diagnostic marker of KS (immunohistochemistry, original magnification × 200)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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