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. 2018 Sep 19;13(9):e0203784.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203784. eCollection 2018.

Changes in HIV prevention programme outcomes among key populations in Kenya: Data from periodic surveys

Helgar Musyoki  1 , Parinita Bhattacharjee  2 , Andrea K Blanchard  2 , Japheth Kioko  3 , Shem Kaosa  3 , John Anthony  2 , Prakash Javalkar  4 , Janet Musimbi  3 , Serah Joy Malaba  3 , Carol Olwande  1 , James F Blanchard  2 , Martin Sirengo  1 , Shajy Isac  2 , Stephen Moses  2
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Changes in HIV prevention programme outcomes among key populations in Kenya: Data from periodic surveys

Helgar Musyoki et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

The Kenya National AIDS and STI Control Programme (NASCOP) conducted annual polling booth surveys (PBS) in 2014 and 2015 to measure outcomes from the national HIV prevention programme for key populations (KPs), comprising behavioural, biomedical and structural interventions. KPs included female sex workers (FSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM) and people who inject drugs (PWID). We compared survey results from the first and second rounds. Comparing the second to the first round, significantly more FSWs (93% vs. 88%, p<0.001) and MSM (77% vs. 58%, p<0.001) reported condom use at last sex with a paying client, and at last anal sex among MSM (80% vs. 77%, p<0.05) and PWID (48% vs. 27%, p<0.01). However, condom use with regular partners remained low, at less than 53% for FSWs and 69% for MSM. Among PWID, there was a significant increase in use of new needles and syringes at last injection (93% vs. 88%, p<0.001), and a significant decrease in reported non-availability of clean needles (23% vs. 36%, p<0.001). The number of overdoses in the past six months reduced significantly but remained high (40% vs. 51%, p<0.001). FSWs and MSM reported significantly higher HIV testing, and in all KP groups, over 93% reported ever having been tested for HIV. Among the respondents self-reporting to have tested HIV positive (24% of FSW, 22% of MSM and 19% of PWID), 80% of FSWs, 70% of MSM, and 73% of PWID reported currently taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). While the experience of forced intercourse by partners declined among FSWs (18% vs. 22%, p<0.01) and MSM (13% vs. 17%, p<0.01), more FSWs reported violence by law enforcement personnel (49% vs. 44%, p<0.001). These findings provide valuable information on the programme's progress, and a signpost for the integrated behavioural, biomedical and structural interventions to achieve their HIV prevention targets.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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References

    1. NACC, NASCOP. Kenya HIV Prevention Revolution Road map: count down to 2013, HIV prevention Everyone’s Business. Nairobi: National AIDS Control Council and National AIDS and STI Control Programme; 2014.
    1. UNAIDS. 2016 Prevention Gap Report. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; 2016.
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    1. NACC. Kenya AIDS Strategic Framework 2014/15–2018/19 Nairobi: Government of Kenya; 2016.
    1. Bhattacharjee P, McClarty LM, Musyoki H, Anthony J, Kioko J, Kaosa S et al. Monitoring HIV Prevention Programme Outcomes among Key Populations in Kenya: Findings from a National Survey. PLOS One. 2014; e0137007 Available from: doi: 10.1371/ journal.pone.0137007 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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Grants and funding

Funding was provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/), and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (https://www.gatesfoundation.org/) (Grant received by SM, ID: OPP19827). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.