Molecular and Cellular Requirements for the Assembly of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78127-3_4

Review

. 2018:1060:55-72.

doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-78127-3_4.

Molecular and Cellular Requirements for the Assembly of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures

C G Mueller¹, S Nayar², J Campos², F Barone³

Affiliations

¹ CNRS UPR 3572, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/Laboratory of Excellence MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
² Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
³ Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. f.barone@bham.ac.uk.

PMID: 30155622
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78127-3_4

Review

Molecular and Cellular Requirements for the Assembly of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures

C G Mueller et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018.

. 2018:1060:55-72.

doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-78127-3_4.

Authors

C G Mueller¹, S Nayar², J Campos², F Barone³

Affiliations

¹ CNRS UPR 3572, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/Laboratory of Excellence MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
² Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
³ Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. f.barone@bham.ac.uk.

PMID: 30155622
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78127-3_4

Abstract

At sites of chronic inflammation, recruited immune cells form structures that resemble secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). Those are characterized by segregated areas of prevalent T- or B-cell aggregation, differentiation of high endothelial venules (HEVs) and local activation of resident stromal cells. B-cell proliferation and affinity maturation towards locally displayed autoantigens have been demonstrated at those sites, known as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). TLS formation has been associated with local disease persistence and progression as well as increased systemic manifestations. While bearing a similar histological structure to SLO, the signals that regulate TLS and SLO formation can diverge, and a series of pro-inflammatory cytokines has been ascribed as responsible for TLS formation at different anatomical sites. Here we review the structural elements as well as the signals responsible for TLS aggregation, aiming to provide an overview to this complex immunological phenomenon.

Keywords: CCL21; CXCL13; Endothelial and stromal cells; Lymphotoxin; RANKL; Sjögren’s syndrome; TNF; Tertiary lymphoid structures.

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Molecular and Cellular Requirements for the Assembly of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures

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Molecular and Cellular Requirements for the Assembly of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures

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