Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Rises to the Surface: Emerging Roles in Neocortical Development

doi:10.3233/BPL-180064

Review

. 2018 Aug 10;3(2):119-128.

doi: 10.3233/BPL-180064.

Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Rises to the Surface: Emerging Roles in Neocortical Development

Odessa R Yabut^{1

2}, Samuel J Pleasure^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
² Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³ Programs in Neuroscience and Developmental Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA.

PMID: 30151337
PMCID: PMC6091060
DOI: 10.3233/BPL-180064

Review

Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Rises to the Surface: Emerging Roles in Neocortical Development

Odessa R Yabut et al. Brain Plast. 2018.

. 2018 Aug 10;3(2):119-128.

doi: 10.3233/BPL-180064.

Authors

Odessa R Yabut^{1

2}, Samuel J Pleasure^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
² Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³ Programs in Neuroscience and Developmental Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA.

PMID: 30151337
PMCID: PMC6091060
DOI: 10.3233/BPL-180064

Abstract

The mammalian neocortex is composed of a diverse population of neuronal and glial cells that are crucial for cognition and consciousness. Orchestration of molecular events that lead to the production of distinct cell lineages is now a major research focus. Recent studies in mammalian animal models reveal that Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling plays crucial roles in this process. In this review, we will evaluate these studies and provide insights on how Shh signaling specifically influence cortical development, beyond its established roles in telencephalic patterning, by specifically focusing on its impact on cells derived from the cortical radial glial (RG) cells. We will also assess how these findings further advance our knowledge of neurological diseases and discuss potential roles of targeting Shh signaling in therapies.

Keywords: Cortical development; Sonic hedgehog signaling; cortical progenitors; gliogenesis; neurogenesis.

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Figures

**Fig.1**
In the developing neocortex, sources of Shh ligands include epithelial cells, blood vessels postmitotic neurons, Cajal-Retzius cells, and the cerebrospinal fluid of the lateral ventricles. The presence of Shh during corticogenesis have been shown or suggested to influence the proliferation, specification, and differentiation of specific cortical progenitors that lead to the generation of distinct neuronal and glial lineages.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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1. Lodato S, Shetty AS, Arlotta P. Cerebral cortex assembly: Generating and reprogramming projection neuron diversity. Trends Neurosci. 2014;38:117–25. 10.1016/j.tins.2014.11.003 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
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[1] Greig LC, Woodworth MB, Galazo MJ, Padmanabhan H, Macklis JD. Molecular logic of neocortical projection neuron specification, development and diversity. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013;14:755–69. 10.1038/nrn3586 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Greig LC, Woodworth MB, Galazo MJ, Padmanabhan H, Macklis JD. Molecular logic of neocortical projection neuron specification, development and diversity. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013;14:755–69. 10.1038/nrn3586 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Lodato S, Shetty AS, Arlotta P. Cerebral cortex assembly: Generating and reprogramming projection neuron diversity. Trends Neurosci. 2014;38:117–25. 10.1016/j.tins.2014.11.003 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Lodato S, Shetty AS, Arlotta P. Cerebral cortex assembly: Generating and reprogramming projection neuron diversity. Trends Neurosci. 2014;38:117–25. 10.1016/j.tins.2014.11.003 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Hu JS, Vogt D, Sandberg M, Rubenstein JL. Cortical interneuron development: A tale of time and space. Development. 2017;144:3867–78. 10.1242/dev.132852 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Hu JS, Vogt D, Sandberg M, Rubenstein JL. Cortical interneuron development: A tale of time and space. Development. 2017;144:3867–78. 10.1242/dev.132852 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Bandler RC, Mayer C, Fishell G. Cortical interneuron specification: The juncture of genes, time and geometry. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017;42:17–24. 10.1016/j.conb.2016.10.003 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Bandler RC, Mayer C, Fishell G. Cortical interneuron specification: The juncture of genes, time and geometry. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017;42:17–24. 10.1016/j.conb.2016.10.003 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] DeBoer EM, Anderson SA. Fate determination of cerebral cortical GABAergic interneurons and their derivation from stem cells. Brain Res. 2017;1655:277–82. 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.031 - DOI - PubMed

[10] DeBoer EM, Anderson SA. Fate determination of cerebral cortical GABAergic interneurons and their derivation from stem cells. Brain Res. 2017;1655:277–82. 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.031 - DOI - PubMed

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Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Rises to the Surface: Emerging Roles in Neocortical Development

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Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Rises to the Surface: Emerging Roles in Neocortical Development

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