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Review
. 2018 Jul 27;17(1):174.
doi: 10.1186/s12944-018-0833-2.

New insights into apolipoprotein A5 in controlling lipoprotein metabolism in obesity and the metabolic syndrome patients

Xin Su  1 , Yi Kong  2 , Dao-Quan Peng  3
Affiliations
Review

New insights into apolipoprotein A5 in controlling lipoprotein metabolism in obesity and the metabolic syndrome patients

Xin Su et al. Lipids Health Dis. .

Abstract

Apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) has been identified to play an important role in lipid metabolism, specifically in triglyceride (TG) and TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) metabolism. Numerous evidence has demonstrated for an association between apoA5 and the increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome, but the mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Recently, several studies verified that apoA5 could significantly reduce plasma TG level by stimulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, and the intracellular role of apoA5 has also been proved since apoA5 is associated with cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) and affects intrahepatic TG accumulation. Furthermore, since adipocytes provide the largest storage depot for TG and play a crucial role in the development of obesity, we could infer that apoA5 also acts as a novel regulator to modulate TG storage in adipocytes. In this review, we focus on the association of gene and protein of apoA5 with obesity and metabolic syndrome, and provide new insights into the physiological role of apoA5 in humans, giving a potential therapeutic target for obesity and associated disorders.

Keywords: Adipocytes; Apolipoprotein A5; Lipoprotein metabolism; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The extracellular role and the mechanisms of ApoA5. ApoA5 accelerates plasma TG hydrolysis by LPL and can be reused. See text for details
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The intracellular role and the mechanisms of ApoA5 in adipocytes and hepatocytes. a ApoA5 may mediate receptor or proteoglycan mediated remnant uptake into the liver. See text for details. b ApoA5 may inhibit the progress of adipogenesis differentiation of AMSCs. See text for details
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