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Review
. 2018 Jun 11:7:F1000 Faculty Rev-718.
doi: 10.12688/f1000research.12068.1. eCollection 2018.

Recent advances in cancer outcomes in HIV-positive smokers

Sabina Ranjit  1 , Santosh Kumar  1
Affiliations
Review

Recent advances in cancer outcomes in HIV-positive smokers

Sabina Ranjit et al. F1000Res. .

Abstract

HIV-infected smokers are at relatively higher risk of cancer than HIV-infected non-smokers. HIV weakens the immune system and renders infected individuals more vulnerable to the carcinogenic effects of smoking. HIV-infected smokers suffer more aggressive forms of cancers than do non-smokers because of the cumulative effects of the virus and cigarette smoke carcinogens. The major types of cancer observed in HIV-infected smokers are lung, head and neck, esophageal, anal, and cervical cancers. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances in cancer outcomes, primarily in terms of cancer incidence, prevalence, and progression in HIV patients who are smokers.

Keywords: HIV; cancer; tobacco smoking.

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Conflict of interest statement

No competing interests were disclosed.No competing interests were disclosed.No competing interests were disclosed.

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