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Review
. 2018 Aug;23(8):677-692.
doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.05.002. Epub 2018 Jun 18.

Autophagosome Biogenesis and the Endoplasmic Reticulum: A Plant Perspective

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Review

Autophagosome Biogenesis and the Endoplasmic Reticulum: A Plant Perspective

Xiaohong Zhuang et al. Trends Plant Sci. 2018 Aug.

Abstract

The autophagosome is a double-membrane compartment formed during autophagy that sequesters and delivers cargoes for their degradation or recycling into the vacuole. Analyses of the AuTophaGy-related (ATG) proteins have unveiled dynamic mechanisms for autophagosome biogenesis. Recent advances in plant autophagy research highlight a complex interplay between autophagosome biogenesis and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER): on the one hand ER serves as a membrane source for autophagosome initiation and a signaling platform for autophagy regulation; on the other hand ER turnover is connected to selective autophagy. We provide here an integrated view of ER-based autophagosome biogenesis in plants in comparison with the newest findings in yeast and mammals, with an emphasis on the hierarchy of the core ATG proteins, ATG9 trafficking, and ER-resident regulators in autophagy.

Keywords: ATG1 complex; ATG9 vesicle; ER-phagy; autophagosome; endoplasmic reticulum.

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