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. 2018 Jun 27;38(3):BSR20180308.
doi: 10.1042/BSR20180308. Print 2018 Jun 29.

Therapeutic effects of simvastatin on Galectin-3 and oxidative stress parameters in endotoxemic lung tissue

Hatice Yorulmaz  1 , Elif Ozkok  2 , Engin Kaptan  3 , Gulten Ates  4   5 , Sule Tamer  4
Affiliations

Therapeutic effects of simvastatin on Galectin-3 and oxidative stress parameters in endotoxemic lung tissue

Hatice Yorulmaz et al. Biosci Rep. .

Abstract

Galectins constitute of a soluble mammalian β-galactoside binding lectin family, which play homeostatic roles in the regulation of the cell cycle, and apoptosis, in addition to their inflammatory conditions. Galectin-3 has an important role in the regulation of various inflammatory conditions including endotoxemia, and airway inflammation. Statins, the key precursor inhibitors of 3-hydroxyl-3-methyl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, may prevent the progression of inflammation in sepsis after prior statin treatment. Endotoxemia leads to the formation of oxidative stress parameters in proteins, carbohydrates, and DNA. In the present study, we aimed to show the effects of simvastatin on Galectin-3, and glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in lung tissue of rats which were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) during the early phase of sepsis. Rats were divided into four groups as the control, LPS (20 mg/kg), simvastatin (20 mg/kg), and simvastatin+LPS group. Galectin-3 expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung tissue sections was demonstrated by using the immunohistochemistry methods. There were reduced densities, and the decreased number of Galectin-3 immunoreactivities in the simvastatin+LPS group compared with the LPS group in the pneumocytes, and in the bronchial epithelium of lung tissue. In the LPS group, GR, GSH-Px, and SOD were found lower than the levels in simvastatin-treated LPS group (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.01 respectively) in the lung tissue. However, TBARS decreased in the simvastatin+LPS group compared with the levels in LPS group (P<0.001). Simvastatin attenuates LPS-induced oxidative acute lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and suppresses LPS-induced Galectin-3 expression in the lung tissue.

Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; TBARS; galectins; lipopolysaccharides; oxidative stress; simvastatin.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors reported no conflicts of interest. The authors themselves are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Section of the lung tissue from the groups stained with H&E
Figure 2
Figure 2. The histological damage score of the groups, *P≤0.01 vs. control group
Figure 3
Figure 3. Galectin-3 immunoreactivity in the experimental groups
Figure 4
Figure 4. Galectin-3 immunoreactivity score in the experimental groups. *P≤0.05 compared with control group, #P≤0.05 compared with LPS group.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Oxidative stress parameters (GR, GSH-Px, SOD, and TBARS) and levels in the experimental groups (*P<0.05 and **P<0.01 )
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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