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Review
. 2018 Feb 8;10(2):69.
doi: 10.3390/v10020069.

Transcytosis Involvement in Transport System and Endothelial Permeability of Vascular Leakage during Dengue Virus Infection

Chanettee Chanthick  1   2 , Aroonroong Suttitheptumrong  3   4 , Nantapon Rawarak  5 , Sa-Nga Pattanakitsakul  6   7
Affiliations
Review

Transcytosis Involvement in Transport System and Endothelial Permeability of Vascular Leakage during Dengue Virus Infection

Chanettee Chanthick et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

The major role of endothelial cells is to maintain homeostasis of vascular permeability and to preserve the integrity of vascular vessels to prevent fluid leakage. Properly functioning endothelial cells promote physiological balance and stability for blood circulation and fluid components. A monolayer of endothelial cells has the ability to regulate paracellular and transcellular pathways for transport proteins, solutes, and fluid. In addition to the paracellular pathway, the transcellular pathway is another route of endothelial permeability that mediates vascular permeability under physiologic conditions. The transcellular pathway was found to be associated with an assortment of disease pathogeneses. The clinical manifestation of severe dengue infection in humans is vascular leakage and hemorrhagic diatheses. This review explores and describes the transcellular pathway, which is an alternate route of vascular permeability during dengue infection that corresponds with the pathologic finding of intact tight junction. This pathway may be the route of albumin transport that causes endothelial dysfunction during dengue virus infection.

Keywords: Thailand; dengue virus infection; endothelial permeability; transcytosis; transport system; vascular leakage.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare no personal or professional conflicts of interest, and no financial support from the companies that produce and/or distribute the drugs, devices, or materials described in this report.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Illustration describing the vesicular transport of albumin. There are several transport pathways, including paracellular transport of molecules through the cell junction. Another pathway is transcytosis, which includes the transendothelial channels and vesicular shuttle. Transcytosis occurs via fusion-fission model or via binding between gp60 and albumin molecules which are mediated via caveolae.
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