Classical experiments in whole-body metabolism: closed-circuit respirometry

doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3681-2

Review

. 2017 Oct;117(10):1929-1937.

doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3681-2. Epub 2017 Jul 26.

Classical experiments in whole-body metabolism: closed-circuit respirometry

Bruno Archiza^{1

2}, Joseph F Welch², A William Sheel³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
² School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 6108 Thunderbird Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
³ School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 6108 Thunderbird Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada. bill.sheel@ubc.ca.

PMID: 28748369
DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3681-2

Review

Classical experiments in whole-body metabolism: closed-circuit respirometry

Bruno Archiza et al. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017 Oct.

. 2017 Oct;117(10):1929-1937.

doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3681-2. Epub 2017 Jul 26.

Authors

Bruno Archiza^{1

2}, Joseph F Welch², A William Sheel³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
² School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 6108 Thunderbird Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
³ School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 6108 Thunderbird Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada. bill.sheel@ubc.ca.

PMID: 28748369
DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3681-2

Abstract

As part of a series of reviews aimed at providing historical context to the study of whole-body metabolism, this article focuses on the technique of closed-circuit respirometry. Developed by nineteenth century physiologists Henri-Victor Regnault and Jules de Reiset, a constant-pressure closed-circuit calorimeter capable of measuring oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production in small animals became the framework for future experiments on whole-body metabolism in humans. The volume-loss and volume-replenishment techniques can be used to indirectly assess energy expenditure using an oxygen reservoir; spirometers are simplistic in design but difficult to operate. Leaks, calibration errors, equilibration of gases and dead space are some of the major limitations of the methodology. Despite operational difficulties, closed-circuit respirometry is highly accurate and reproducible. Due to the bespoke nature of many closed-circuit systems, maintenance and repair is often troublesome. Compounded by technological advancement, closed-circuit techniques have become progressively outdated. Nevertheless, the classical experiments in whole-body metabolism played a pivotal role in furthering our understanding of basic human physiology and paved the way for current methodologies used in the field.

Keywords: Energy expenditure; Gas analysis; Indirect calorimetry; Spirometers.

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[1] Nutr Clin Pract. 2004 Dec;19(6):622-36 - PubMed

[2] Nutr Clin Pract. 2004 Dec;19(6):622-36 - PubMed

[3] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981 Jan;50(1):210-6 - PubMed

[4] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981 Jan;50(1):210-6 - PubMed

[5] Am J Clin Nutr. 1990 Feb;51(2):241-7 - PubMed

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[8] Thorax. 2013 Oct;68(10):978-9 - PubMed

[9] Nutrition. 2010 Oct;26(10):951 - PubMed

[10] Nutrition. 2010 Oct;26(10):951 - PubMed

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Classical experiments in whole-body metabolism: closed-circuit respirometry

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Classical experiments in whole-body metabolism: closed-circuit respirometry

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