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. 2017 Jul 18:9:55.
doi: 10.1186/s13098-017-0253-x. eCollection 2017.

CD36 overexpression: a possible etiopathogenic mechanism of atherosclerosis in patients with prediabetes and diabetes

M D Lopez-Carmona  1 , M C Plaza-Seron  2 , A Vargas-Candela  1 , F J Tinahones  3   4 , R Gomez-Huelgas  1   4 , M R Bernal-Lopez  1   4
Affiliations

CD36 overexpression: a possible etiopathogenic mechanism of atherosclerosis in patients with prediabetes and diabetes

M D Lopez-Carmona et al. Diabetol Metab Syndr. .

Abstract

Rationale: CD36 is a scavenger receptor located on monocytes which is involved in foam cell transformation.

Aim: To evaluate CD36 expression under different glycemic states in both healthy subjects and in atherosclerotic patients.

Subjects and methods: In order to evaluate the possible effects of hyperglycemia on CD36 expression in healthy subjects, an in vitro experiment was carried out using monocyte in three different conditions: extreme hyperglycemia (HG), euglycemia (EG) and in the absence of glucose. On the other hand, three groups of atherosclerotic patients were evaluated according to their glycemic conditions: normoglycemic (NG), prediabetic (preDM) and diabetic (DM) patients. CD36 expression (mRNA, non-glycated and glycated protein) was analyzed in monocytes.

Results: CD36 mRNA expression in the in vitro experiment peaked at 4 and 24 h under HG conditions. No differences in mRNA levels were found in the EG and control group. The level of non-glycated proteins was higher in HG and EG conditions compared with control group. Glycated protein expression was inhibited by glucose in a sustained manner. In atherosclerotic patients, a significant association was observed when comparing glycated CD36 protein expression in DM with NG patients (p = 0.03). No significant differences were found in mRNA and non-glycated CD36 expression in these patients. Moreover, BMI, insulin, weight and treatment were shown to be related to CD36 expression (mRNA, non-glycated and glycated protein levels, depending of the case) in atherosclerotic patients.

Conclusions: Hyperglycemia is an important modulator of CD36 mRNA and non-glycated protein expression in vitro, increasing de novo synthesis in healthy subjects. In atherosclerotic patients, there are progressive increases in CD36 receptors, which may be due to a post-translational stimulus.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis; CD36 receptor; Human clinical; Monocytes; Type 2 diabetes.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Selection algorithm for the different groups of atherosclerotic patients
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
CD36 expression results in atherosclerotic patients. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. mRNA CD36: normalized CD36 mRNA data (CD36 mRNA expression/18s rRNA). Non-glycated CD36: normalized non-glycated CD36 protein data (in arbitrary units); Glycated CD36: normalized glycated CD36 protein data (in arbitrary units); NG: normoglycemic; PreDM: prediabetic; DM: diabetic patients
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