Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2016 Dec 21:7:510.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00510. eCollection 2016.

Cardioprotective Effect of Ulmus wallichiana Planchon in β-Adrenergic Agonist Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy

Anees A Syed  1 , Shibani Lahiri  1 , Divya Mohan  2 , Guru R Valicherla  3 , Anand P Gupta  1 , Sudhir Kumar  4 , Rakesh Maurya  5 , Himanshu K Bora  6 , Kashif Hanif  7 , Jiaur R Gayen  3
Affiliations

Cardioprotective Effect of Ulmus wallichiana Planchon in β-Adrenergic Agonist Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy

Anees A Syed et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Ulmus wallichiana Planchon (Family: Ulmaceae), a traditional medicinal plant, was used in fracture healing in the folk tradition of Uttarakhand, Himalaya, India. The present study investigated the cardioprotective effect of ethanolic extract (EE) and butanolic fraction (BF) of U. wallichiana in isoprenaline (ISO) induced cardiac hypertrophy in Wistar rats. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by ISO (5 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously) in rats. Treatment was performed by oral administration of EE and BF of U. wallichiana (500 and 50 mg/kg/day). The blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured by non-invasive blood pressure measurement technique. Plasma renin, Ang II, NO, and cGMP level were estimated using an ELISA kit. Angiotensin converting enzyme activity was estimated. BP and HR were significantly increased in ISO group (130.33 ± 1.67 mmHg vs. 111.78 ± 1.62 mmHg, p < 0.001 and 450.51 ± 4.90 beats/min vs. 347.82 ± 6.91 beats/min, respectively, p < 0.001). The BP and HR were significantly reduced (EE: 117.53 ± 2.27 mmHg vs. 130.33 ± 1.67 mmHg, p < 0.001, BF: 119.74 ± 3.32 mmHg vs. 130.33 ± 1.67 mmHg, p < 0.001); HR: (EE: 390.22 ± 8.24 beats/min vs. 450.51 ± 4.90 beats/min, p < 0.001, BF: 345.38 ± 6.79 beats/min vs. 450.51 ± 4.90 beats/min, p < 0.001) after the treatment of EE and BF of U. wallichiana, respectively. Plasma renin, Ang II, ACE activity was decreased and NO, cGMP level were increased. The EE and BF of U. wallichiana down regulated the expression of ANP, BNP, TNF-α, IL-6, MMP9, β1-AR, TGFβ1 and up regulated NOS3, ACE2 and Mas expression level, respectively. Thus, this study demonstrated that U. wallichiana has cardioprotective effect against ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Keywords: Ulmus wallichiana; blood pressure; cardiac hypertrophy; cardiovascular disease; ethnopharmacology; heart rate; isoprenaline.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Effect of Ulmus wallichiana on (A) Heart weight to body weight ratio, (B) Heart weight to tail length ratio, and (C) Heart to tibia length ratio in ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy in wistar rats. Data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA followed by Newman–Keuls Multiple comparison test. Data are shown as Mean ± SEM; α, control vs. ISO; β, ISO vs. EE; γ, ISO vs. BF; ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Effect of U. wallichiana on BP (A) SBP, (B) DBP, (C) MAP, and (D) HR by NIBP measurement technique in ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy in wistar rats. Data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA followed by Newman–Keuls Multiple comparison test. Data are shown as Mean ± SEM; α, control vs. ISO; β, ISO vs. EE; γ, ISO vs. BF; ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Effect of U. wallichiana on (A) renin concentration, (B) angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity, (C) NO concentration, (D) Ang II concentration, (E) inhibition of human recombinant renin by EE and (F) inhibition of human recombinant renin by BF in ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy in wistar rats. Data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA followed by Newman–Keuls Multiple comparison test. Data are shown as Mean ± SEM; α, control vs. ISO; β, ISO vs. EE; γ, ISO vs. BF; ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Effect of U. wallichiana on (A) cGMP concentration, (B) fluorescence intensity, (C) myocardial fibrosis, (D) relative cell surface area, and (E) relative mRNA expression level of ANP, BNP, IL-6, NOS3, TNF-α, TGFβ1, MMP9, β1 adrenergic receptor (β1 AR), ACE2 and Mas in ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy in wistar rats. Data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA followed by Newman–Keuls Multiple comparison test. Data are shown as Mean ± SEM, α, control vs. ISO; β, ISO vs. EE; γ, ISO vs. BF; ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Representative photomicrographs of heart dyed with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain (10× and 40× magnification). (A) Control, (B) ISO, (C) ISO+EE, (D) ISO+BF groups, respectively.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Schematic diagram showing the mechanism of action of EE and BF of U. wallichiana in ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy. ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate; NOS, nitric oxide synthase.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Actis-Goretta L., Ottaviani J. I., Fraga C. G. (2006). Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme activity by flavanol-rich foods. J. Agric. Food Chem. 54 229–234. 10.1021/jf052263o - DOI - PubMed
    1. Althurwi H. N., Tse M. M., Abdelhamid G., Zordoky B. N., Hammock B. D., El-Kadi A. O. (2013). Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, TUPS, protects against isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1681794–1807. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Arnold J., McDevitt D. (1983). Heart rate and blood pressure responses to intravenous boluses of isoprenaline in the presence of propranolol, practolol and atropine. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 16 175–184. 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb04982.x - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Arya K., Khatoon S., Kumar B. (2013). Development of quality control markers for Ulmus wallichiana Planchon: an Indian traditional plant for osteogenic activity. Indian J. Tradit. Know. 12664–669.
    1. Brunetti C., Di Ferdinando M., Fini A., Pollastri S., Tattini M. (2013). Flavonoids as antioxidants and developmental regulators: relative significance in plants and humans. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 14 3540–3555. 10.3390/ijms14023540 - DOI - PMC - PubMed