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. 2017 Apr;145(5):887-894.
doi: 10.1017/S0950268816003046. Epub 2017 Jan 9.

Long-term effectiveness of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine 22-28 years after immunization in a hepatitis B virus endemic rural area: is an adult booster dose needed?

H Li  1 , G J Li  1 , Q Y Chen  1 , Z L Fang  1 , X Y Wang  1 , C Tan  1 , Q L Yang  1 , F Z Wang  2 , F Wang  3 , S Zhang  3 , S L Bi  3 , L P Shen  3
Affiliations

Long-term effectiveness of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine 22-28 years after immunization in a hepatitis B virus endemic rural area: is an adult booster dose needed?

H Li et al. Epidemiol Infect. 2017 Apr.

Abstract

Longan County is considered a highly endemic area for hepatitis B virus (HBV). The plasma-derived vaccine has been used in newborns in this area since 1987. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of this vaccine. In total, 1634 participants born during 1987-1993 and who had received a series of plasma-derived HB vaccinations at ages 0, 1, and 6 months were enrolled. Serological HBV markers were detected and compared with previous survey data. Overall the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in all participants was 3·79%; 3·47% of subjects who had received the first dose within 24 h were HBsAg positive, and 8·41% of subjects who had received a delayed first dose were also HBsAg positive. There were 1527 subjects identified who had received the first dose within 24 h and whose HBsAg and anti-HBc prevalence increased yearly after immunization, while the anti-HBs-positive rate and vaccine effectiveness declined. The geometric mean concentration of antibody in the anti-HB-positive participants was 55·13 mIU/ml and this declined after immunization. Fewer than 2·0% of participants had anti-HB levels ⩾1000 mIU/ml. The data show that the protective efficacy of the plasma-derived vaccinations declined and administration of HB vaccine within 24 h of birth was very important. To reduce the risk of HBV infection in this highly endemic area, a booster dose might be necessary if anti-HBs levels fall below 10 mIU/ml after age 18 years. Furthermore, studies on the immune memory induced by plasma-derived HB vaccine are needed.

Keywords: Hepatitis B virus; long-term effectiveness; plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine; primary immunization.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Geometric mean concentration proportion of subjects for birth years 1987–1993 who received routine plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine immunization with at ages 0, 1, and 6 months.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
HBsAg and anti-HBc positive rates of subjects for birth years 1987–1993 who received routine plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine immunization at ages 0, 1, and 6 months.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Correlation analysis result of HBsAg and anti-HBs positive rate, 2015.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Survey results of HBsAg-positive rate of 1987–1993 birth cohorts in 1994, 2005, 2009 and 2015, respectively.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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