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Review
. 2016:2016:7325973.
doi: 10.1155/2016/7325973. Epub 2016 Sep 7.

Osteosarcopenic Obesity Syndrome: What Is It and How Can It Be Identified and Diagnosed?

Jasminka Z Ilich  1 , Owen J Kelly  2 , Julia E Inglis  1
Affiliations
Review

Osteosarcopenic Obesity Syndrome: What Is It and How Can It Be Identified and Diagnosed?

Jasminka Z Ilich et al. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2016.

Abstract

Conditions related to body composition and aging, such as osteopenic obesity, sarcopenia/sarcopenic obesity, and the newly termed osteosarcopenic obesity (triad of bone muscle and adipose tissue impairment), are beginning to gain recognition. However there is still a lack of definitive diagnostic criteria for these conditions. Little is known about the long-term impact of these combined conditions of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity in older adults. Many may go undiagnosed and progress untreated. Therefore, the objective of this research is to create diagnostic criteria for osteosarcopenic obesity in older women. The proposed diagnostic criteria are based on two types of assessments: physical, via body composition measurements, and functional, via physical performance measures. Body composition measurements such as T-scores for bone mineral density, appendicular lean mass for sarcopenia, and percent body fat could all be obtained via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical performance tests: handgrip strength, one-leg stance, walking speed, and sit-to-stand could be assessed with minimal equipment. A score could then be obtained to measure functional decline in the older adult. For diagnosing osteosarcopenic obesity and other conditions related to bone loss and muscle loss combined with obesity, a combination of measures may more adequately improve the assessment process.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Age-related changes in bone, muscle, and fat tissues and related factors.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Conceptual model of bone, muscle, and fat tissues in healthy and diseased states: osteosarcopenic obesity is the most advanced stage resulting from aging or other compromised impairment in bone, muscle, and adipose tissue.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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