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Review
. 2016 Oct;16(10):1265-75.
doi: 10.1080/14712598.2016.1214266. Epub 2016 Jul 29.

Cellular immunotherapy for malignant gliomas

Yi Lin  1 , Hideho Okada  1
Affiliations
Review

Cellular immunotherapy for malignant gliomas

Yi Lin et al. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2016 Oct.

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer immunotherapy has made much progress in recent years. Clinical trials evaluating a variety of immunotherapeutic approaches are underway in patients with malignant gliomas. Thanks to recent advancements in cell engineering technologies, infusion of ex vivo prepared immune cells have emerged as promising strategies of cancer immunotherapy.

Areas covered: Herein, the authors review recent and current studies using cellular immunotherapies for malignant gliomas. Specifically, they cover the following areas: a) cellular vaccine approaches using tumor cell-based or dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines, and b) adoptive cell transfer (ACT) approaches, including lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, γδ T cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells and T-cell receptor (TCR) transduced T cells.

Expert opinion: While some of the recent studies have shown promising results, the ultimate success of cellular immunotherapy in brain tumor patients would require improvements in the following areas: 1) feasibility in producing cellular therapeutics; 2) identification and characterization of targetable antigens given the paucity and heterogeneity of tumor specific antigens; 3) the development of strategies to promote effector T-cell trafficking; 4) overcoming local and systemic immune suppression, and 5) proper interpretation of imaging data for brain tumor patients receiving immunotherapy.

Keywords: CAR-T cell therapy; Glioma; adoptive cell transfer; cellular immunotherapy; dendritic cell vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Interest H Okada is an inventor in the U.S. Patent Application No. 60,611, 797 (Utility Patent Application) “Identification of an IL-13 Receptor Alpha2 Peptide Analogue Capable of Enhancing Stimulation of Glioma-Specific CTL Response”. An exclusive licensing agreement has been completed on this application between University of Pittsburgh and Stemline, Inc. In this manuscript, the authors discussed a publication using this peptide, but the data interpretation was done by the entire study team and not by Dr Okada himself. Due to the potential conflicts of interest, Hideho Okada did not solely interpret any data in the current manuscript. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

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