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Review
. 2016:226:81-126.
doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.04.012. Epub 2016 Jun 7.

Involvement of cortical fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive basket cells in epilepsy

X Jiang  1 , M Lachance  2 , E Rossignol  3
Affiliations
Review

Involvement of cortical fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive basket cells in epilepsy

X Jiang et al. Prog Brain Res. 2016.

Abstract

GABAergic interneurons of the parvalbumin-positive fast-spiking basket cells subtype (PV INs) are important regulators of cortical network excitability and of gamma oscillations, involved in signal processing and cognition. Impaired development or function of PV INs has been associated with epilepsy in various animal models of epilepsy, as well as in some genetic forms of epilepsy in humans. In this review, we provide an overview of some of the experimental data linking PV INs dysfunction with epilepsy, focusing on disorders of the specification, migration, maturation, synaptic function, or connectivity of PV INs. Furthermore, we reflect on the potential therapeutic use of cell-type specific stimulation of PV INs within active networks and on the transplantation of PV INs precursors in the treatment of epilepsy and its comorbidities.

Keywords: Basket cells; Epilepsy; Fast-spiking cells; GABA; Genes; Interneurons; Parvalbumin.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests. The authors have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Molecular determinants of the development and function of cortical parvalbumin-positive fast-spiking basket cells (PV INs) linked with epilepsy
A) Schematic representation of the migratory path of migrating INs from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) towards the cortical plate (CP). The MGE-derived INs, expressing the receptors neuropilin1 and 2, avoid the striatum that secretes repulsive semaphorins. Some of the molecular players involved in the control of the specification, migration (chemotaxis and locomotion) and maturation of PV INs that have been implicated in epilepsy are listed here (see text for details). B) Schematic representation of a PV IN basket cell (red) sending projections to the soma of multiple pyramidal cells (black and grey). Some of the sodium and potassium channels associated with epilepsy and governing neuronal excitability are listed here. Furthermore, genes and molecules involved in GABAergic synapse formation (synaptogenesis), synaptic function and afferent connectivity of PV INs are listed here (see text for details). MZ: marginal zone; CP: cortical plate; SP: sub-plate; IZ: intermediate zone; SVZ: sub-ventricular zone; VZ: ventricular zone; LGE: lateral ganglionic eminence; MGE: medial ganglionic eminence; Str: stiatum. See text for the abbreviations of genes and proteins listed here.
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