Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.30

Review

. 2015 Sep 24:1:15030.

doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.30.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Jack C Cheng^{1

2}, René M Castelein³, Winnie C Chu⁴, Aina J Danielsson^{5

6}, Matthew B Dobbs⁷, Theodoros B Grivas⁸, Christina A Gurnett⁹, Keith D Luk¹⁰, Alain Moreau^{11

12

13}, Peter O Newton^{14

15}, Ian A Stokes¹⁶, Stuart L Weinstein¹⁷, R Geoffrey Burwell¹⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
² Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
³ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁴ Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
⁵ Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
⁶ Department of Orthopedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
⁷ Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery Neurology and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
⁸ Trauma and Orthopaedic Department, Tzaneio General Hospital of Piraeus, Athens, Greece.
⁹ Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
¹¹ Viscogliosi Laboratory in Molecular Genetics of Musculoskeletal Diseases, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebéc, Canada.
¹² Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebéc, Canada.
¹³ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebéc, Canada.
¹⁴ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
¹⁵ Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
¹⁸ Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust - Queen's Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham, UK.

PMID: 27188385
DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.30

Review

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Jack C Cheng et al. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015.

. 2015 Sep 24:1:15030.

doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.30.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
² Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
³ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁴ Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
⁵ Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
⁶ Department of Orthopedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
⁷ Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery Neurology and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
⁸ Trauma and Orthopaedic Department, Tzaneio General Hospital of Piraeus, Athens, Greece.
⁹ Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
¹¹ Viscogliosi Laboratory in Molecular Genetics of Musculoskeletal Diseases, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebéc, Canada.
¹² Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebéc, Canada.
¹³ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebéc, Canada.
¹⁴ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
¹⁵ Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
¹⁸ Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust - Queen's Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham, UK.

PMID: 27188385
DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.30

Abstract

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of structural spinal deformities that have a radiological lateral Cobb angle - a measure of spinal curvature - of ≥10(°). AIS affects between 1% and 4% of adolescents in the early stages of puberty and is more common in young women than in young men. The condition occurs in otherwise healthy individuals and currently has no recognizable cause. In the past few decades, considerable progress has been made towards understanding the clinical patterns and the three-dimensional pathoanatomy of AIS. Advances in biomechanics and technology and their clinical application, supported by limited evidence-based research, have led to improvements in the safety and outcomes of surgical and non-surgical treatments. However, the definite aetiology and aetiopathogenetic mechanisms that underlie AIS are still unclear. Thus, at present, both the prevention of AIS and the treatment of its direct underlying cause are not possible.

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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

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