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. 2016 Jun 2;17(6):657-63.
doi: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1177685. Epub 2016 May 4.

Fibersol-2 induces apoptosis of Apc-deficient colorectal Cancer (SW480) cells and decreases polyp formation in Apc MIN mice

Sara Cuesta Sancho  1 , Susan Losee Olson  2 , Eui Young So  1 , Kazuhiro Shimomura  3 , Toru Ouchi  1 , Fabian Preuss  2
Affiliations

Fibersol-2 induces apoptosis of Apc-deficient colorectal Cancer (SW480) cells and decreases polyp formation in Apc MIN mice

Sara Cuesta Sancho et al. Cancer Biol Ther. .

Abstract

The consumption of dietary fibers has been implicated with a lowered risk of human colorectal cancer. Proposed mechanisms involve alterations in the stool consistency, transit time, and formation of short-chain fatty acid by dietary fiber fermentation, and the reorganization of gut microbiota. Here we show that Fibersol-2, a digest-resistant maltodextrin, not only inhibits proliferation of colorectal SW480 cancer cell lines by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), but decreases the numbers of the adenoma count in Multiple Intestinal Neoplasia (MIN) mice carrying a mutation in the Adenomatous Polyposis Coli gene by 84 d of age. These observations provide direct evidence that Fibersol-2 intrinsically contains anti-cancer activity, independent of the intestinal metabolism and any potential interactions with the microbiota.

Keywords: Apc; MIN; apoptosis; cancer; fibersol; maltodextrin.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Shown are the levels of ROS using MitoSOX (mitochondrial superoxide indicator) (A) and CM-H2DCFDA (general oxidative stress indicator) (B) without and with 5% FS2 treatment. FS2 leads to an increase in the amount of ROS..
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Shown is the measured apoptosis rates analyzed by Annexin V/PI double staining and flow cytometry detection (A+B). Treatment with FS2 significantly increased the apoptosis rate inSW480 cells treated by 3.75 fold compared to water treated controls (C).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
10x magnification of histological samples of a small intestine and colon from an 84 d old ApcMIN/+ mouse. The small intestinal tract was divided into 4 equal parts and placed on bibulous paper saturated with PBS. Tracts and colons were split open longitudinally with micro-scissors and spread open. Debris within was washed out with a flow of PBS interchanged with 70% ethanol (a pre-fixation of tissue). Samples were scored blind and are reported on Table 1. (A) The arrow point toward 2 examples of adenomas. (B) Two polyps can be clearly identified as dark spots on the tissue (arrows). Polyps were more numerous in male mice and are absent in C57BL/6J wildtype animals.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Total average counts in the small intestine for each group are shown. The error bars indicate the Standard Error from the Mean (SEM). The dotted and the solid lines indicated male and female animals respectively. Females displayed a significantly higher number of tumors over males, and a significant reduction of counts was observed between the control (H2O) and the 1%FS2 treated animals.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Total average counts in the colon for each group are shown. The error bars indicate the Standard Error from the Mean (SEM). The dotted and the solid lines indicated male and female animals respectively. Males displayed a significantly higher number of tumors over females, and a significant reduction of counts was observed between the control (H2O) and the 1%FS2 treated animals.
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