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Review
. 2014 Aug 21;3(3):398-434.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics3030398.

Acquired Class D β-Lactamases

Affiliations
Review

Acquired Class D β-Lactamases

Nuno T Antunes et al. Antibiotics (Basel). .

Abstract

The Class D β-lactamases have emerged as a prominent resistance mechanism against β-lactam antibiotics that previously had efficacy against infections caused by pathogenic bacteria, especially by Acinetobacter baumannii and the Enterobacteriaceae. The phenotypic and structural characteristics of these enzymes correlate to activities that are classified either as a narrow spectrum, an extended spectrum, or a carbapenemase spectrum. We focus on Class D β-lactamases that are carried on plasmids and, thus, present particular clinical concern. Following a historical perspective, the susceptibility and kinetics patterns of the important plasmid-encoded Class D β-lactamases and the mechanisms for mobilization of the chromosomal Class D β-lactamases are discussed.

Keywords: OXA; carbapenemase; class D; crystal structure; kinetics; plasmid; β-lactamase.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Amino acid alignment of seven Class D β-lactamases. Shaded in gray are motifs that are well conserved among this class of enzymes.

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