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Review
. 2016 Jul;45(6):385-93.
doi: 10.1111/jop.12405. Epub 2015 Dec 23.

Role of distinct CD4(+) T helper subset in pathogenesis of oral lichen planus

Hui Wang  1   2 , Dunfang Zhang  2   3 , Qi Han  2 , Xin Zhao  2 , Xin Zeng  2 , Yi Xu  2 , Zheng Sun  1 , Qianming Chen  2
Affiliations
Review

Role of distinct CD4(+) T helper subset in pathogenesis of oral lichen planus

Hui Wang et al. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016 Jul.

Abstract

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory oral mucosal diseases with T-cell-mediated immune pathogenesis. In subepithelial and lamina propria of OLP local lesions, the presence of CD4(+) T helper (CD4(+) Th) cells appeared as the major lymphocytes. These CD4(+) T lymphocytes can differentiate into distinct Th cell types such as Th1, Th2, Treg, Th17, Th22, Th9, and Tfh within the context of certain cytokines environment. Growing evidence indicated that Th1/Th2 imbalance may greatly participate into the cytokine network of OLP immunopathology. In addition, Th1/Th2 imbalance can be regulated by the Treg subset and also greatly influenced by the emerging novel CD4(+) Th subset Th17. Furthermore, the presence of novel subsets Th22, Th9 and Tfh in OLP patients is yet to be clarified. All these Th subsets and their specific cytokines may play a critical role in determining the character, extent and duration of immune responses in OLP pathogenesis. Therefore, we review the roles of distinct CD4(+) Th subsets and their signature cytokines in determining disease severity and susceptibility of OLP and also reveal the novel therapeutic strategies based on T lymphocytes subsets in OLP treatment.

Keywords: CD4+ T helper cells; cytokines; oral lichen planus.

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