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Review
. 2015 Oct 14:6:865.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00865. eCollection 2015.

Composition of the SAGA complex in plants and its role in controlling gene expression in response to abiotic stresses

Felipe Moraga  1 , Felipe Aquea  2
Affiliations
Review

Composition of the SAGA complex in plants and its role in controlling gene expression in response to abiotic stresses

Felipe Moraga et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

Protein complexes involved in epigenetic regulation of transcription have evolved as molecular strategies to face environmental stress in plants. SAGA (Spt-Ada-Gcn5 Acetyltransferase) is a transcriptional co-activator complex that regulates numerous cellular processes through the coordination of multiple post-translational histone modifications, including acetylation, deubiquitination, and chromatin recognition. The diverse functions of the SAGA complex involve distinct modules that are highly conserved between yeast, flies, and mammals. In this review, the composition of the SAGA complex in plants is described and its role in gene expression regulation under stress conditions summarized. Some of these proteins are likely involved in the regulation of the inducible expression of genes under light, cold, drought, salt, and iron stress, although the functions of several of its components remain unknown.

Keywords: SAGA complex; abiotic stress; chromatin remodeling; histone acetyltransferase; protein complex; transcriptional coactivator.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Composition and function of the SAGA complex in plants. (A) Schematic representation of each module that integrates into the SAGA complex and its role in abiotic stress response. ND, not defined. (B–E) Schematic representation of molecular functions of the SAGA complex under abiotic stress. (B) ADA2b represses freezing tolerance before cold exposure. During cold exposure, CBFs are induced and together with ADA2b and GCN5 promotes COR genes induction and consequently freezing tolerance. (C) ADA2b represses drought tolerance whereas it promotes histone acetylation of salt stress responsive genes and confers salt tolerance. TAF10 promotes salt tolerance during seed germination, while SGF29a plays a modest role in the expression of salt stress responsive genes in arabidopsis. TFs, transcription factors. (D) GCN5 integrates both blue and red/far-red light signals to induce histone acetylation and HY5-dependent gene activation of light responsive genes. TAF1 integrates red/far-red light signals to induce histone acetylation and gene activation of light-responsive genes (adapted from Servet et al., 2010). (E) Under deficient iron conditions GCN5 promotes histone acetylation of FRD3, which is involved in the transport of Fe into the xylem, to regulate iron homeostasis.
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