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. 2015 Nov:83:90-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.08.025. Epub 2015 Sep 3.

FcγRIIB mediates the inhibitory effect of aggregated α-synuclein on microglial phagocytosis

Yu Ree Choi  1 , Seo-Jun Kang  1 , Jin-Mo Kim  2 , Seung-Jae Lee  3 , Ilo Jou  1 , Eun-Hye Joe  1 , Sang Myun Park  4
Affiliations

FcγRIIB mediates the inhibitory effect of aggregated α-synuclein on microglial phagocytosis

Yu Ree Choi et al. Neurobiol Dis. 2015 Nov.

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease. Although the etiology of PD has not yet been fully understood, accumulating evidence indicates that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the progression of PD. α-Synuclein (α-Syn) has been considered to be a key player of the pathogenesis of PD, and recent reports that prion-like propagation of misfolded α-syn released from neurons may play an important role in the progression of PD have led to increased attention to the studies elucidating the roles of extracellular α-syn in the CNS. Extracellular α-syn has also been reported to regulate microglial inflammatory response. In this study, we demonstrated that aggregated α-syn inhibited microglial phagocytosis by activating SHP-1. SHP-1 activation was also observed in A53T α-syn transgenic mice. In addition, aggregated α-syn bound to FcγRIIB on microglia, inducing SHP-1 activation, further inhibiting microglial phagocytosis. Aggregated α-syn upregulated FcγRIIB expression in microglia and upregulated FcγRIIB was also observed in A53T α-syn transgenic mice. These data suggest that aggregated α-syn released from neurons dysregulates microglial immune response through inhibiting microglial phagocytosis, further causing neurodegeneration observed in PD. The interaction of aggregated α-syn and FcγRIIB and further SHP-1 activation can be a new therapeutic target against PD.

Keywords: FcγRIIB; Microglia; Neuroinflammation; Parkinson's disease; Phagocytosis; SHP-1; α-synuclein.

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