Estimating the herd immunity effect of rotavirus vaccine
- PMID: 26116250
- DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.06.064
Estimating the herd immunity effect of rotavirus vaccine
Abstract
Introduction: Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death in children under 5, and an estimated 39% of these deaths are attributable to rotavirus. Currently two live, oral rotavirus vaccines have been introduced on the market; however, the herd immunity effect associated with rotavirus vaccine has not yet been quantified. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to estimate the herd immunity effects associated with rotavirus vaccines.
Methods: We performed a systematic literature review of articles published between 2008 and 2014 that measured the impact of rotavirus vaccine on severe gastroenteritis (GE) morbidity or mortality. We assessed the quality of published studies using a standard protocol and conducted meta-analyses to estimate the herd immunity effect in children less than one year of age across all years presented in the studies. We conducted these analyses separately for studies reporting a rotavirus-specific GE outcome and those reporting an all-cause GE outcome.
Results: In studies reporting a rotavirus-specific GE outcome, four of five of which were conducted in the United States, the median herd effect across all study years was 22% [19-25%]. In studies reporting an all-cause GE outcome, all of which were conducted in Latin America, the median herd effect was 24.9% [11-30%].
Conclusions: There is evidence that rotavirus vaccination confers a herd immunity effect in children under one year of age in the United States and Latin American countries. Given the high variability in vaccine efficacy across regions, more studies are needed to better examine herd immunity effects in high mortality regions.
Keywords: Herd immunity; Immunization; Rotavirus vaccine.
Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Similar articles
-
Summary of effectiveness and impact of rotavirus vaccination with the oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine: a systematic review of the experience in industrialized countries.Hum Vaccin. 2011 Jul;7(7):734-48. doi: 10.4161/hv.7.7.15511. Epub 2011 Jul 1. Hum Vaccin. 2011. PMID: 21734466 Review.
-
Evidence of herd immunity and sustained impact of rotavirus vaccination on the reduction of rotavirus-related medical encounters among infants from 2006 through 2011 in the United States.Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015 Jun;34(6):615-20. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000702. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015. PMID: 25831421
-
Reduction in rotavirus-associated acute gastroenteritis following introduction of rotavirus vaccine into Australia's National Childhood vaccine schedule.Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011 Jan;30(1 Suppl):S25-9. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181fefdee. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011. PMID: 21183837
-
Herd immunity after two years of the universal mass vaccination program against rotavirus gastroenteritis in Austria.Vaccine. 2011 Mar 24;29(15):2791-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.104. Epub 2011 Feb 12. Vaccine. 2011. PMID: 21320539
-
Real-world impact of rotavirus vaccination.Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011 Jan;30(1 Suppl):S1-5. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181fefa1f. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011. PMID: 21183833 Review. No abstract available.
Cited by
-
Effect of rotavirus vaccination on the burden of rotavirus disease and associated antibiotic use in India: A dynamic agent-based simulation analysis.Vaccine. 2024 Sep 17;42(22):126211. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126211. Epub 2024 Aug 12. Vaccine. 2024. PMID: 39137492 Free PMC article.
-
Extension of efficacy range for targeted malaria-elimination interventions due to spillover effects.Nat Med. 2024 Jul 4. doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03134-z. Online ahead of print. Nat Med. 2024. PMID: 38965434
-
Evolution of DS-1-like G8P[8] rotavirus A strains from Vietnamese children with acute gastroenteritis (2014-21): Adaptation and loss of animal rotavirus-derived genes during human-to-human spread.Virus Evol. 2024 Jun 22;10(1):veae045. doi: 10.1093/ve/veae045. eCollection 2024. Virus Evol. 2024. PMID: 38952820 Free PMC article.
-
A Perspective on the Strategy for Advancing ETVAX®, An Anti-ETEC Diarrheal Disease Vaccine, into a Field Efficacy Trial in Gambian Children: Rationale, Challenges, Lessons Learned, and Future Directions.Microorganisms. 2023 Dec 31;12(1):90. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12010090. Microorganisms. 2023. PMID: 38257916 Free PMC article.
-
Assessment of the Impact of the Rotavirus Vaccine Against Severe Rotaviral Diarrhea in Uzbekistan.J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2023 Sep;13(3):476-484. doi: 10.1007/s44197-023-00126-z. Epub 2023 Jun 10. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2023. PMID: 37300641 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical