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Review
. 2015 Dec;68(2 Pt A):116-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.05.016. Epub 2015 Jun 4.

Functions of dendritic-cell-bound IgE in allergy

Barbara Platzer  1 , Madeleine Stout  2 , Edda Fiebiger  3
Affiliations
Review

Functions of dendritic-cell-bound IgE in allergy

Barbara Platzer et al. Mol Immunol. 2015 Dec.

Abstract

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) functions as an Fc-receptor-bound antigen sensor for mast cells and basophils, the classical effector cells of allergy. A cell-bound IgE pool is formed when monomeric IgE binds to FcɛRI, the high affinity IgE Fc receptor on these cells, and minor amounts of antigen are sufficient to trigger the pro-allergic innate IgE effector axis. Additionally, FcɛRI is constitutively expressed on human dendritic cells (DCs), and thus the latter cell type also receives signals via cell-bound IgE. Notably, steady-state expression of FcɛRI on DCs is absent in SPF-housed mice. How DCs integrate IgE/FcɛRI-derived signals into their sentinel functions as gatekeepers of immunity was therefore only recently studied with transgenic mice that phenocopy human FcɛRI expression. In this review, we summarize advances in our understanding of the functions of DC-bound IgE which demonstrate that IgE-mediated activation of DCs in allergic Th2-type inflammation appears to be immune regulatory rather than pro-inflammatory.

Keywords: Antigen presentation; Dendritic cells; Fc receptor; IgE.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Functions of IgE and its high affinity receptor FcεRI on DCs
So far DCs have been demonstrated to use IgE/FcεRI for antigen uptake via receptor crosslinking. Antigens taken up by this mechanism are shuttled efficiently into endo/lysosomal compartments for loading and presentation on MHC class II molecules. Notably, the induced proliferation and differentiation of naïve T cells is not skewed towards a specific T helper cell type. Furthermore, internalization of FcεRI after monovalent ligation of FcεRI with IgE or with an antigen-conjugated IgE fusion protein was reported. Interestingly, antigen uptake via monovalently ligated FcεRI leads to antigen-specific T cell tolerance. Whether antigen is shuttled and processed differently after mono- or multivalent FcεRI crosslinking for antigen presentation on MHC class-II molecules is not yet known.
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