Research Domain Criteria: toward future psychiatric nosologies
- PMID: 25987867
- PMCID: PMC4421905
- DOI: 10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.1/bcuthbert
Research Domain Criteria: toward future psychiatric nosologies
Abstract
The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project was initiated by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in early 2009 as the implementation of Goal 1.4 of its just-issued strategic plan. In keeping with the NIMH mission, to "transform the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses through basic and clinical research," RDoC was explicitly conceived as a research-related initiative. The statement of the relevant goal in the strategic plan reads: "Develop, for research purposes, new ways of classifying mental disorders based on dimensions of observable behavior and neurobiological measures." Due to the novel approach that RDoC takes to conceptualizing and studying mental disorders, it has received widespread attention, well beyond the borders of the immediate research community. This review discusses the rationale for the experimental framework that RDoC has adopted, and its implications for the nosology of mental disorders in the future.
A comienzos de 2009 el Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental (NIMH) lanzó el proyecto Criterios del Ámbito de la Investigación (RDoC) como parte de la implementación del Objetivo 1.4 de su recién publicado plan estratégico. En conformidad con la misión del NIMH, para “transformar la comprensión y el tratamiento de las en-fermedades mentales a través de la investigación básica y clínica” el RDoC fue concebido explícitamente como una iniciativa relacionada con la investigación. La declaración del objetivo pertinente en el plan estratégico señala: “Desarrollar, para propósitos de investigación nuevas vías de clasificación de los trastornos mentales en base a dimensiones observables de la conducta y mediciones neurobiológicas”. Debido al novedoso enfoque que tiene el RDoC para conceptualizar y estudiar los trastornos mentales, ha recibido gran atención, mucho más allá de las fronteras de la comunidad de investigación inmediata. Esta revisión discute los fundamentos del marco experimental que ha adoptado el RDoC y sus repercusiones futuras para la nosología de los trastor-nos mentales.
Le NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health) a lancé le projet de « Critères de domaines de recherche » (CDoR) début 2009, en tant qu'application de l'objectif 1.4 de son plan stratégique venant d'être publié. Les CDoR ont été conçus explicitement comme une initiative liée à la recherche, en phase avec la mission du NIMH pour « transformer la compréhension et le traitement des maladies mentales par la recherche fondamentale et clinique ». L'objectif exposé dans le plan stratégique est le suivant: « Développer, aux fins de recherche, de nouvelles façons de classifier des troubles mentaux selon des critères de comportements observables et des mesures neurobiologiques ». Cette nouvelle approche des CDoR pour concevoir et étudier les troubles mentaux a reçu une grande attention, bien au-delà des frontières des communautés de chercheurs. Cet article analyse le fondement du cadre expérimental adopté par les CDoR et ses implications dans l'avenir pour la nosologie des troubles mentaux.
Keywords: RDoC; Research Domain Criteria; psychiatric diagnosis; psychiatric nosology.
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