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. 2015 Jan;44(1):1-8.
doi: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2015.01.001.

[The pathogenesis of Ebola virus disease]

[Article in Chinese]
Lan-Juan Li  1
Affiliations

[The pathogenesis of Ebola virus disease]

[Article in Chinese]
Lan-Juan Li. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2015 Jan.

Abstract

埃博拉病毒的蛋白质颗粒由七种蛋白质组成，病毒的蛋白质颗粒以及病毒感染产生的炎症性分子可以破坏多种类型的人体组织，同时埃博拉病毒通过胆固醇转运的NPC-1受体进入人体的细胞，并大量繁殖。埃博拉病毒感染单核/巨噬细胞、树突细胞、内皮细胞、纤维母细胞、肝细胞、肾上腺皮质细胞和多种表皮细胞，并在这些细胞内复制。淋巴结、脾和胸腺淋巴组织是埃博拉病毒病患者病变最严重的部位，虽然淋巴细胞本身并不会被埃博拉病毒感染，但是，这些淋巴组织中的淋巴细胞却大量地发生凋亡或者坏死。内皮细胞是埃博拉病毒损伤的重要靶细胞，一般认为，病毒的糖蛋白可以导致内皮细胞功能障碍，从而损伤内皮细胞的结构，这是埃博拉病毒病患者出血的主要原因。埃博拉病毒感染可以诱导机体产生多种干扰素、白细胞介素、肿瘤坏死因子-α等炎症因子。但是，这些病毒诱导产生的炎症介质实际上会导致免疫功能失调而促进病情的恶化。同时，在病毒感染过程中机体产生特异性的细胞毒性T细胞，这些细胞可能具有抗病毒作用，但人们对于这种保护性的T细胞免疫功能还知之甚少。

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